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History > Elizebeth > Flashcards

Elizebeth Flashcards

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1
Q

Religion of family

A

Henry was Protestant
Started Church of England

Mary 1 saw Elizebeth as a threat and made country to catholisism
Killed Protestants “Bloody Mary”

MQS was Catholic
Her son James 1 was strict Protestant

King Philip of Spain was Catholic

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2
Q

Skills Elizebeth had

A

Speak many languages
Eager to learn
Good memory

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3
Q

Elizebeth problems

A

Shouldn’t have crown, in catholism you can’t divorce so she was illegitimate
Can’t marry to continue thrown
Woman
Protestant

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4
Q

Elizebeth governing England

A

1 The Queen
2 royal court
3 privy council & parlement
4 Lord lutenant
5 justices of peace
6 Poor

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5
Q

Elizebeth’s court

A

19 members in privy council
Mary had 40

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6
Q

Patronage

A

Gives jobs and favours for control
Earl of Essex got a monopoly on sweet wine

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7
Q

Royal Progress

A

She’s parade around country to stay with nobels and so people see her
400 wagons
Closer with people and nobels for loyalty

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8
Q

Divide and rule

A

She chose people who disagreed to work together so they can’t unite against her

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9
Q

William Cecil

A

Alive 1520-98
Security of state
Protestant
Smart and hard working
MP and member of Edward VIs council
Avoid war work on logic
Made poor laws
Maby killed his wife
Elizebeth called him her spirit
He spoke his mind
Lord ( closest to Elizebeth)

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10
Q

Francis Walsingham

A

1532-90
Secutary of state
Good at sea
Took SP,FR and Duch land
Daughter married Deverux
Elizebeth’s spy master

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11
Q

Robert Dudley

A

1533-88
Privy councillor
Locked in tower by Mary
Highly ambitious and Earl of Leicester 1564
Rich
Advisor of everyone
Childhood freind of lizzy
Advisor of everyone

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12
Q

Christopher Hatton

A

1540-1591
Lord Chancellor 1587
Danced at court
Got a job
Captain of Queen’s bodyguard
Loyal, kind and hardworking
Elected to parliament many times
Very rich
Wasn’t that close to lizzy

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13
Q

Robert Deverux

A

1565-1601
Cambridge studied
Young, smart, good looking, ambitious, arrogent, bad temper
Argued with Lizzy
Milatery hero
Earl of Essex
Led a rebellion
One of her favourites

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14
Q

Walter Raleigh

A

1552-1618
Protestant
Voyages South America searching for el dorado ( city of gold )
Rich
Banished for 5 years from court in 1592

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15
Q

Poverty

A

Population rise 43% in 1550-1600
Prices rise, wages stay the same
More silver in economy
Tax for war
Unemployment
Dissolution of monistries
Rich got richer
Poor got poorer
Wool from Netherlands, ended when Spain took it over
Multiple bad harvests and Plauge
Huge increases in rent

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16
Q

Deserving poor

A

Poor worthy of help
Old,blind, lame, or caused by tragedy like veterans

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17
Q

Idle poor

A

Threat to society
Lazy to get a job
Begged
Petty crime
If they were caught they’d be prosecuted or killed

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18
Q

Counterfit crank

A

But on soap to foam at the mouth and pretend they were having a fit

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19
Q

Bartop trickster

A

Woman who’d strip off to attract men, they lure them away to be attacked

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20
Q

Clapper dungeon

A

Cut himself and wrapped a dirty bandage on it to ask for sympathy

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21
Q

Tom O Bedlam

A

Act crazy, bark etc to get donations

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22
Q

York poverty

A

Very prosperous
People move to work
Increase in number of beggars
1528 role of ‘master beggar’
Beggars expected to work

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23
Q

Norwich

A

1570 80% of city lives in poverty
Idle poor given work such as knitting/ sewing
‘Unfortunate poor’ given care/food/shelter
Effective system
Norwich taxed rich to pay for it

24
Q

Ibswich

A

1569 introduce liscense for beggars
First town to open a hospital for the old and sick who were poor
Youth training for children to learn a trade

25
Q

1601 poor law

A

Wealthy taxed to help deserving poor
Undeserving poor whipped and placed in house of correction.

26
Q

Impotent poor

A

Too old/sick/weak to work ( deserving poor )

27
Q

Able bodied poor

A

People who can and want to work who can’t find work

28
Q

Idle poor

A

Undeserving poor
Resulted to a life of crime as a vagabond

29
Q

Alms

A

Charity for impotent poor
Payed with taxes

30
Q

Alms-house or poor house

A

Impotent poor to receive care

31
Q

House of correction

A

Idle poor sent if they didn’t work ( whipped there and all the rest )

32
Q

Vagabond act 1572

A

Treats vagrants harshly. Whipped and hole drilled in ear on first offence. Imprisoned 2nd then killed 3rd
Established tax to care for impotent poor.
Towns and cities find work for able bodied poor

33
Q

Poor relief act 1576

A

States the 3rd type of poor
The ones who can work and want to but can’t find a job
Anyone able bodied and refuses to work sent to house of correction

34
Q

Growth of gentry:suspicion of old nobility

A

Tudor nobility marginalised many nobles
Patronage to small land owners and gentry gained power and wealth
Key councillors such as Cecil, walsingham and Hatton once gentry
Many became MPs and Justices of Peace.

35
Q

Growth of the gentry: enclosure farming

A

Open fields and conman land used for sheep.
Sheep farming to make ENG one of biggest in EU for producing wool
Small landowners got rich

36
Q

Growth of the gentry: growth

A

Patronage given
Made JPs and MPs
Against great chain of being
Gentry had money in architecture, theatre and fashion.

37
Q

Growth of the gentry: dissolution of the monistries

A

More land for cheap

38
Q

Growth of gentry: population increase

A

Population boomed 4.4 million by 1600
More people, more customers, landowners were investors to businesses

39
Q

Nobility vs gentry

A

Gentry
Gentry has 10-20x money that nobility had
Combined wealth of £220000
100k families

Nobility
It was inherited
50 families

40
Q

Theatre before Lizzy

A

None
Originally bible stories
1572 actors punished as vagabonds
Puritans hated it

41
Q

Theatre with Lizzy

A

All actors need license
Theatres like the globe opened 1599
40 companies of actors

42
Q

Was it a golden age (yes)

A

Poetry for everyone
Anyone can go to theatre
Anyone can get influence
Peace
Big houses
Education improvement
More books from the printed press
1601 poor law
Books were available

43
Q

Was it a golden age (no)

A

Social status by cloths
“Groundlings”
Queen used theatre as propaganda
Education for wealthy
Poverty increased

44
Q

Theatre structure

A

Design: inspired by informal bear fighting. One pit with natural light.no women. Actors were well paid

Patronage: 1550-60s actors aren’t respected in 70s they are. Nobility funded. Queen becomes patron

Playwrites: Shakespeare. Son of a glover didnt go uni. 2 plays a year. Made phrases like “ a wild goose chase “ died in 1616.
They used pig bladders as blood pockets. Trap doors and common balls for thunder.

Audience: cheap and popular. Peasants payed 1p to sit in the pits. They threw food at bad guys and shouted.3x the price for a higher seat ( 2000 available). 4x price you get a pillow. Lords got Lord rooms.

45
Q

Architecture

A

“The great rebuilding”
Everyone built huge houses
They didn’t have defensive features like moats showing a time of peace.
Often built on an E shaped floor plan

46
Q

Speke Hall

A

Near Liverpool
William Norris was an MP for Liverpool in 1554
Catholics
Took 68 years to build
Big gardens

47
Q

Relations with Spain before the war

A

Religous- Catholic missionaries ( preists running in ) Elizebeth tolerated them to avoid war.

Money- Drake stole £480 million

Spanish Fury- Spain built up an empire, attacking countries like the Netherlands.

48
Q

Why Spain wanted to attack

A

Piracy- drake attacked many ports and took £480 million.

France at civil war- the mutual enemy was gone. Elizebeth allowed French Protestants in.
1572 st bartholemew’s massacre where loads of key Protestants died and made Elizebeth more anti Catholic
Elizebeth supported the Dutch revolt

49
Q

The plan

A

Kill Lizzy and her army and start a rebellion.
MQS executed in 1588 and Phillip feels it’s time to attack
An Aramarda ( loads of boats ) will attack from Spain. 136 great warships
Collect soldiers from calies.
30k well trained soldiers waiting their led by Duke of Parma

50
Q

Comparison between GB and FR in the armada

A

14k men in fleet with 20k on land- GB
30k men in fleet with 20k on land- FR

£3 million annual income- FR
£300,000 annual income- GB

France had big battle ships
GB had little but agile battle ships

51
Q

The Spanish Armada 1588

A

Spanish set sail- 1588
Crescent formation
Biggest in history

Spanish spotted 29th July

English engage at war in Isle of Wight
SP bombarded with GB amo
They ran away to save amo

Parma not at Calies, they changed the pick up spot and he wasn’t informed. They’d have to make a week long walk to get there.
Parma stopped 35km from Denmark

GB set a ship on fire and sent it in. Panic set in as SP ships tried to run away. Some even cut anchors

8th August GB used saved resources, SP had 3/4 the supplies. Up to 1000 Spaniards died. One SP ship sunk

Protestant wind- wind blew SP north. E1 used this as propeganda

Tried to land in Ireland, waves were too rough. Many died. Only 1/2 of soldiers that left made it home.

52
Q

Excommunication

A

Someone banished by the church
1570 pope released a papel bull ( permanent ) to “kill their hereticle Queen”

53
Q

Puritan threat

A

Moderate- slight change
Presbyterians- rid of all bishops
Jeparatists- rid of church completely

1571-1593 Elizebeth got more violent

They felt religous settlement was a good first step

Key members, Walsingham, Dudley were puritan

54
Q

Elizebeth against Puritans

A

1571- closed parlement after Strickland tried to reform prayer book
1583- suspended arch bishop Grindal for supporting puritans and she chopped off John Stubbs hand for holding a leaflet that critiqued her marriage
1592- separatists Barrow and Greenwood hanged
1593- act against Seditous Secutaries allowed separitists to be imprisoned or executed

55
Q

Mary Queen of Scots

A

5’11 and beautiful
Queen at 6 days old
Lived in FR
She married her kidnapper
She married Henry Stewart, who stabbed someone 56 times claiming she cheated with him.

History (5 decks)

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