Elizabethans 1-3 Flashcards
What is Elizabeth I cousin, brother, sister, and father
Father- Henry VIII
Brother- Edward VI
Sister- Mary (older)
Cousin- Mary Queen of Scots
When did Elizabeth inherit the throne and why
In 1558 after Mary’s death
Why did some people question Elizabeth’s claim to the throne
Her mother was beheaded by Henry VIII so it was illegitimate
She was a woman in a patriarchal society
How much debt did Elizabeth inherit
£300,000 plus loans she needed to take out for army
When was the Protestant Reformation
1517
How was Europe divided with religion
Spain and France were Catholic
Netherlands and England were Protestant
What would be examples of religious divisions
Puritan and Protestant MPs being more involved in Parliament
Catholics (North) vs Protestant (South) vs Puritains
What was Elizabeth’s religious settlement and when
A mid way between Catholicism and Protestantism without explicitly choosing one
1559
What features of both Catholic and Protestant did Elizabeth’s mid way have
Protestant- Queen was head of the protestant Church
Catholic- Decorated Churches and Priest vestments
What initially happened to rescuants
Fined
Before 1580 response to rescuancy for Catholics
Fines not enforced
What were Church papists
Catholics who still were loyal to Pope, however went to Anglican Church services
How did Elizabeth’s government increase persecution after 1580
1581- Fine for rescuancy increases to £20
1585- Elizabeth gives death penalty to anyone housing Jesuits
1593- Catholics cannot move more than 5 miles from their home
When did the pope say it would be right to kill Mary
1580
Stats of Catholics in Elizabeth’s reign
3 million in 1588
40,000 in 1603
When was the gunpowder plot and who did it try to assasinate
1605
King James I
Differences between Catholicism, Protestantism, Puritain
Catholicism Protestantism Puritains
Pope Monarch No-one
Bishops Bishops Elected commities
Latin English English
Decorated Plain Simple
Vestments None Never
What was the Royal Court
Group of nobles and privy councilors that surround the Queen
What were courtiers
Traveled with Elizabeth as she toured
How did Elizabeth control Privy Council members
Patronage- Granting positions of power to her favorites
What was the Privy Council
Elizabeth’s most trusted Councilors
Who ruled the Privy Council
Secretary of state (William Cecil)
Example of William Cecil having power
1587- Manipulated Elizabeth to kill Mary
What was a Lord Lieutenant
The leader of a county
What were the Lord Lieutenant’s duties
Informed Queen and Privy council of matters
Organised a local army to fight against rebellions
How many JPs in each county
40
What was the problem with JPs
They didn’t get paid so they could be corrupted
Duties of JPs
Collecting taxes and fines
Judging court cases
Enforcing the Poor Law
What were the dates of some of the betrayal decisions of Robert Deveroux
1598- Reached for sword in argument with Elizabeth
1599- Failed army expedition
1600- Abandoned soldiers in Ireland and forced himself into Elizabeth’s bed chamber
1601- Plotted an armed rebellion to remove Elizabeth and make James of Scotland King
Describe the Essex rebellion
Robert Deveroux 1601- Plotted an armed rebellion to remove Elizabeth and make James of Scotland King
How did parliament have power over Elizabeth
Elizabeth needed Parliament’s consent to raise taxes
MPs can create their own laws
Puritan MPs tried to pressure Elizabeth to do things
Marry a protestant and have a protestant son
Remove archbishops and bishops and want elected committees to run churches
Give MPs freedom of speech in parliament
How did Elizabeth try and control Parliament include a case study
Only called parliament 13 times in her 45 year reign
Privy councilors like William Cecil control parliament debate
In 1594 Elizabeth imprisoned Peter Wentworth in the London tower after he demanded a Protestant heir
John Stubbs in 1579 had his hand cut off after criticizing Elizabeth’s proposed marriage to a Catholic
Propaganda of Elizabeth
Portraits were very flattering aswell as coinage
What did Elizabeth’s progresses accomplish
Show off wealth to the commoners
Spoke with ordinary peope
What were Jesuits
Catholic priests who trained in converting people
Who was the leader of the Jesuits and where were they kept
Edmund Campion
Priest holes
Who hunted down Priest Jesuits
Francis Walshingham with spies and hunters
Who did Francis Walshingham kill and when
1581 Edmund Campion killed by Walshingham agents
When was Mary Queen of Scots put into prison
1568
Why was Mary a threat to Elizabeth
Her cousin
Had an heir
Claim was more legitimate
Catholics would plot assasinations because of Mary
Phillip of Spain, France and the Pope backed Mary
3 plots against Elizabeth
Throckmorton plot, Ridolfi plot, Babington plot
Ridolfi Plot date and person
1571- Roberto di Ridolfi
Throckmorton plot date and details
1583- Phillip of Spain and Pope support this
Babington plot date and details
1586- Babington communicates with Mary which Walsingham allows to happen
When was Mary Queen of Scots executed
1587-
When did the Spanish Armada launch
1588
Causes of Spanish Armada
Elizabeth refused to Marry Philip of Spain
Francis Drake stole gold from Spain and he was knighted
Philip supported plots against Elizabeth
1585 Elizabeth sends 7,000 soldiers to Netherlands to support Protestants
Execution of Mary Queen of scots in 1587
How many ships were in the Spanish Armada
130
How many armada ships made it back to Spain
80
Reasons why the Spanish armada fails
Duke of Medina Sedona was unexperienced
The Armada flew a week late
English ships were smaller and more maneuverable
English used fire ships that destroyed Spanish ships
The Armada was driven north by a storm
40 Spanish Ships are shipwrecked
2 more armadas destroeyd by storm
