Elizabethan Flashcards
When did Queen Elizabeth I become queen?
1558
How long did Queen Elizabeth rule for?
Almost 45 years
When did Queen Elizabeth I die?
1603
Who was Queen Elizabeth I father?
Henry VIII
How many children did Henry VIII have?
Henry had 3 children
Who was Elizabeth I mother?
Anne Boleyn
As a child, where what position was Elizabeth in line to the throne
As a child Elizabeth was third in line to the throne. She was not expected to become Queen.
When was Queen Elizabeth accused of conspiring against her half sister, Queen Mary I.
1554
Why didn’t some people want Elizabeth to become Queen?
Gender
people believed the Monarch should be a male.
Just a figurehead
Counsellors to find husband
When did Henry VIII divorce his first wife and marry Anne Boleyn?
1533
Divorce was f________ in the Catholic Church.
Forbidden
Many C_______ believed Henry’s marriage to Anne was not v_____d
Catholics
Valid
Why did many Catholics believe Elizabeth was illegitimate?
Divorce was forbidden in the Catholic Church. Henry’s marriage to Anne was not valid meaning Elizabeth was illegitimate.
Illegitimate children were not allowed to in_______
Inherit
Who did Catholics believe should inherit the throne?
Mary, Queen of Scots
What was the royal court?
A large group of people who surrounded the monarch at all times
Who was one of Elizabeth’s favourites in her early reign?
Robert Dudley
At what age did Elizabeth become Queen?
25
Who was Elizabeth’s brother?
Edward VI
What does sovereign mean?
Upmost authority and ruled
What was the privy council
A Loyal group of advisers
How long had England been in the Roman Catholic faith before Henry VIII
Nearly 1000 years
When was did Elizabeth become supreme governor of the Church of England?
- Act of Supremacy - a law passed recognising Elizabeth
What was the Act of Uniformity?
A law passed in 1559 that reinstated the English book of common prayer and all services should follow the order of prayer.
What was the Poor Laws?
Growing poverty and social unrest led to support of the poor and unemployed and were the first forms of welfare.
When was the Spanish Armada
1588 failed attempt to invade England.
Explain PEP
Parents, education and poularity
Who made up the privy council
19 noblemen.
Who was William Cecil
Secretary of State in 1558. Guided Elizabeth for 49 years. In 1571 he received title Lord Burghley.
Robert Dudley
Earl of Leicester and trusted advisor till he died in 1588. He and Elizabeth very close and rumours they were lovers
Robert Dudley
Earl of Leicester and trusted advisor till he died in 1588. He and Elizabeth very close and rumours they were lovers
Sir Francis Walsingham
Was in charge of Elizabeth’s secret service
Sir Francis Walsingham
Was in charge of Elizabeth’s secret service
What did the Pope issue in 1570
Papal Bull of Excommunication against Elizabeth
Who was Edmund Campion and when did he die?
What are the 4 Catholic plots against Elizabeth
The Northern Earls Rebellion
The Ridolfi plot
The Theockmorton plot
The Barnton Plot
What are the 4 Catholic plots against Elizabeth
The Northern Earls Rebellion
The Ridolfi plot
The Theockmorton plot
The Barnton Plot
What are the 4 Catholic plots against Elizabeth
The Northern Earls Rebellion
The Ridolfi plot
The Theockmorton plot
The Barnton Plot
Who did Queen Mary I marry?
In July 1554, Mary married Prince Philip of Spain II, becoming queen consort of Habsburg Spain on his accession in 1556.
Who was Mary I mother
Catherine of Aragon
How old was Mary I when she became Queen?
40 years old
Why did the privy council want Elizabeth to marry?
To secure the succession
Who were Elizabeth’s suitors
In 1559, King Phillip of Spain proposed to Elizabeth.
1567, Archduke Charles of Austria
Francis, Duke of Alencon - a decade of negotiations but died in 1584
Poor and attitudes to poverty
Elizabethan era associated with wealth and luxury BUT
No welfare system
Poverty considered own fault
You were ‘divinely’ appointed your position
Why was the there an increase in poverty?
Cloth trade collapse
Wars
A rise in population
Bad harvest
Inflation
Changes in farming
Why was the there an increase in poverty?
What happened to the population during the Elizabethan era?
The population rose by a million during the Elizabethan period. More people meant there was more demand for goods, and so prices rose.
Inflation?
Prices for goods rose, but wages fell as there were more people around to do the work.
Why did the cloth trade collapse?
Woollen cloth was the England’s main export. There was a decline in demand and this led to unemployment.
How did wars increase poverty?
Taxes were increased to compensate for the price of waging war.
How did food affect poverty?
Harvests were particularly bad in the 1590s leading to even higher demand and more rising prices.
What were the changes in farming?
Many landlords decided to enclose their fields and keep sheep instead of growing crops which led to high unemployment.
What were the changes in attitudes to the poor in Elizabethan times?
Towards the end of Elizabeth’s reign attitudes changed
Government took action
Fears that social order might change
Vagabonds and beggars turn to crime
Poor might spread disease
What actions were taken to help the poor?
Local level - unpaid local officials (justices of the peace) made responsible. People grouped into:
Impotent poor
Able bodied poor
What actions were taken to help the poor?
Local level - unpaid local officials (justices of the peace) made responsible. People grouped into:
Impotent poor
Able bodied poor
When was the vagabonds act?
The 1572 Vagabonds Act introduced severe action against vagrants who could now be whipped, bored through the ear and put to death if they were repeatedly caught begging.
1601 Poor Law
Nationwide poor rate
Contribute or jail
Begging banned
Almshouses
