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Boom to Bust 1920-1940 Flashcards

1
Q

What the prominent shifts that took place during the 1920s?

A
  • The rise of a consumer-oriented economy
  • Mass entertainment
  • Political change
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2
Q

What was the Smoot-Hawley Tariff?

A

Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act (1930) raised import duties to protect American businesses and farmers.

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3
Q

Name some causes of The Great Depression?

A
  1. The stock market crash in 1929
  2. Collapse of world trade due to the Smoot-Hawley Tariff
  3. Government policies
  4. Bank failures and panics
  5. Collapse of the money supply
  6. The reduction in purchases due to less money and demand
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4
Q

What year did the Great Depression start?

A

1929

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5
Q

What was ‘Black Thursday’?

A

Panic selling of stocks started on October 24th 1929.

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6
Q

What was the 18th Amendment?

A

The 18th Amendment to the Constitution banned the manufacture and sale of “intoxicating liquors”

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7
Q

What was the Volstead Act?

A

The Volstead Act (January 16, 1920) closed every tavern, bar and saloon in the United States. It was illegal to sell any “intoxication beverages” with more than 0.5 percent alcohol.

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8
Q

Where did people go to drink during Prohibition?

A

Speakeasies

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9
Q

Name an organised crime figure in the 1920s

A

Al Capone

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10
Q

Who ran the underground trade in illegal liquor?

A

Bootleggers, organised crime, racketeers.

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11
Q

What happened to the nations wealth between 1920 - 1929?

A

The nations wealth doubled

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12
Q

What drove consumer culture in the 1920s?

A

Lots of people saw the same advertisements, bought the same goods, listened to the same music and did the same dances.

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13
Q

What was the 19th Amendment?

A

The 19th Amendment officially gave women the right to vote.

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14
Q

Name three technologies that helped with the housework in the 1920s.

A
  • The washing machine
  • The freezer
  • The vacuum cleaner
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15
Q

Name two famous actors in the 1920s

A
  • Charlie Chaplin
  • Rudolph Valentino
  • Tallulah Bankhead
  • Gloria Swanson
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16
Q

What was the most important consumer product of the 1920s.

A

The automobile

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17
Q

Name three group areas negatively affected by the depression

A
  • Farmers
  • Minority groups
  • Immigrants
  • Old industry
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18
Q

Why were farmers affected negatively by the depression

A
  • Workers left to go wandering America looking for work (hobos)
  • By 1928, 50% of all USA farmers in poverty
  • Too many crops/couldn’t sell them
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19
Q

Name the three R’s of the New Deal

A
  • Relief
  • Recovery
  • Reform
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20
Q

Many _______ were unable to pay loans in the Wall Street Crash

A

Speculators

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21
Q

The 1920s saw a b____ in mass production and e_______ power

A

boom

economic

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22
Q

In what year did WW1 end?

A

1918

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23
Q

What were the benefits of USA not joining WW1 till 1917?

A
  • Not saddled with debt
  • One way war trade to Europe
  • Exports of coal, wheat, brass, rubber, machinery, automobiles
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24
Q

Who introduced the Fordney McCumber Tariff?

A

Warren Harding

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25
By 1929, most houses had e________
Electricity
26
Which amendment to the US Constitution marked the start of alcohol prohibtion across America in 1920? - 13th Amendment - 18th Amendment - 19th Amendment
18th Amendment
27
During Prohibition, what was the name of the illegal bars and nightclubs that continued to sell alcohol?
Speakeasies
28
Which law in 1924 reduced immigration to only 150,000 people per year?
The National Origins Act
29
Which revolution of 1917 increased the fears of communism infiltrating America? - Russian Revolution - French Revolution - Mexican Revolution
The Russian Revolution
30
What was the name of the US Attorney General whose home was bombed in July 1919?
A. Mitchell Palmer He is best known for overseeing the Palmer Raids during the Red Scare of 1919-1920.
31
What was the outcome of the Sacco and Vanzetti case?
In 1927, both were executed by electrocution in Charlestown
32
The H______ R_______ was the name of the cultural movement that developed in African American communities in New York.
Harlem Rennaissance
33
In 1920s, the KKK was generally made of what group of people? - White Catholics - White Anglo-Saxon Protestants WASPS
White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPS)
34
What was the name of the civil rights organisation co-founded by Ida B Wells.
The National Association of for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
35
When did the Ku Klux Klan movement start?
At the end of the American Civil War in 1865.
36
The KKK had over 1_________ members by 1921.
100,000
37
What was lynching?
Members of the KKK killed black people by hanging them without trial and took law into their own hands
38
People had more d_______ income and more free time to spend money in the 1920s
Disposable
39
In 1929, Hollywoods film studios were making: - More than 5 films - More than 50 films - More than 500 films
More than 500 films
40
When was the first ‘talkie’ released
1927
41
How many people a week went to see movies by 1925?
50 million Half the nations population.
42
Where did Jazz begin?
New Orleans
43
Name one new dance from the 1920s.
- The Charleston - The Tango - The Black Bottom
44
Name the range of advertising mediums used in 1920s America.
- Newspapers and magazines - Adverts on billboards - Cinema and radio - Famous film and sports stars used to promote brands.
45
What was hire purchase?
- A form of credit that allows people to buys goods without paying I full straight away. - Buy now pay later
46
What was the effect of hire purchase and credit in 1920’s America?
- Increased demand and the sale of goods - Made them more affordable and available to ordinary people.
47
Who adopted a laissez-faire policy and what did it do?
- Republicans - Left businesses alone to push growth. Made the rich richer.
48
When was the first car produced and sold?
1865
49
A______ lines led to the rapid increase of car production
Assembly
50
When did prohibition end?
1933
51
Name the groups who wanted alcohol to be banned from American society.
- Social campaigners - Temperance societies - Business leaders - The Anti-Saloon League
52
What was the name given to groups that wanted to ban alcohol?
Dries
53
When was the New Deal introduced?
1933
54
What was the New Deal?
- Provide immediate economic relief - Bring about reforms to stabilise the economy
55
Name areas reformed by the New Deal.
- Industry - Agriculture - Finance - Waterpower - Labour - Housing
56
Democratic promised ‘a new deal for the f_______ man’
Forgotten
57
What was the 100 days
Much of the New Deal legislation was enacted in the first three months of Roosevelt’s presidency.
58
What were the ‘Fireside Chats’?
A series of radio broadcasts meant to gain support for his New Deal policies.
59
Name two problems faced by people in America during the depression
A decade of hardship, poverty and desperation caused by: - Number of products sold halved between 1929 and 1933. - Mass unemployment or reduced working hours - 9,000 banks closed between 1930-1933 meaning many Americans lost their savings - 1932 23% of population were unemployed. - Homelessness
60
What were the negative impacts of Prohibition on American Society?
- Criminalised the practice of drinking alcohol - Led to organised crime networks - More speakeasies than bars in 1925 - Murders rose across American cities
61
What were the positive outcomes of Prohibition on American society?
Alcohol consumption fell by 30% by 1929. Arrests for drunkeness declined Deaths from cirrhosis fell by 1/3 between 1916 and 1929.
62
Who did not prosper during the boom?
- Workers in old industries - Working-class women, African Americans, Native Americans, the elderly, the rural poor - Farmers and agricultural workers
63
Name the causes of a the Great Depression
- Inequality - Problems in agriculture - Overproduction - Problems abroad - Laissez-faire - The Wall Street Crash

History (8 decks)

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