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History > Boom to Bust 1920-1940 > Flashcards

Boom to Bust 1920-1940 Flashcards

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1
Q

What the prominent shifts that took place during the 1920s?

A
  • The rise of a consumer-oriented economy
  • Mass entertainment
  • Political change
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2
Q

What was the Smoot-Hawley Tariff?

A

Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act (1930) raised import duties to protect American businesses and farmers.

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3
Q

Name some causes of The Great Depression?

A
  1. The stock market crash in 1929
  2. Collapse of world trade due to the Smoot-Hawley Tariff
  3. Government policies
  4. Bank failures and panics
  5. Collapse of the money supply
  6. The reduction in purchases due to less money and demand
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4
Q

What year did the Great Depression start?

A

1929

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5
Q

What was ‘Black Thursday’?

A

Panic selling of stocks started on October 24th 1929.

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6
Q

What was the 18th Amendment?

A

The 18th Amendment to the Constitution banned the manufacture and sale of “intoxicating liquors”

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7
Q

What was the Volstead Act?

A

The Volstead Act (January 16, 1920) closed every tavern, bar and saloon in the United States. It was illegal to sell any “intoxication beverages” with more than 0.5 percent alcohol.

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8
Q

Where did people go to drink during Prohibition?

A

Speakeasies

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9
Q

Name an organised crime figure in the 1920s

A

Al Capone

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10
Q

Who ran the underground trade in illegal liquor?

A

Bootleggers, organised crime, racketeers.

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11
Q

What happened to the nations wealth between 1920 - 1929?

A

The nations wealth doubled

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12
Q

What drove consumer culture in the 1920s?

A

Lots of people saw the same advertisements, bought the same goods, listened to the same music and did the same dances.

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13
Q

What was the 19th Amendment?

A

The 19th Amendment officially gave women the right to vote.

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14
Q

Name three technologies that helped with the housework in the 1920s.

A
  • The washing machine
  • The freezer
  • The vacuum cleaner
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15
Q

Name two famous actors in the 1920s

A
  • Charlie Chaplin
  • Rudolph Valentino
  • Tallulah Bankhead
  • Gloria Swanson
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16
Q

What was the most important consumer product of the 1920s.

A

The automobile

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17
Q

Name three group areas negatively affected by the depression

A
  • Farmers
  • Minority groups
  • Immigrants
  • Old industry
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18
Q

Why were farmers affected negatively by the depression

A
  • Workers left to go wandering America looking for work (hobos)
  • By 1928, 50% of all USA farmers in poverty
  • Too many crops/couldn’t sell them
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19
Q

Name the three R’s of the New Deal

A
  • Relief
  • Recovery
  • Reform
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20
Q

Many _______ were unable to pay loans in the Wall Street Crash

A

Speculators

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21
Q

The 1920s saw a b____ in mass production and e_______ power

A

boom

economic

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22
Q

In what year did WW1 end?

A

1918

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23
Q

What were the benefits of USA not joining WW1 till 1917?

A
  • Not saddled with debt
  • One way war trade to Europe
  • Exports of coal, wheat, brass, rubber, machinery, automobiles
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24
Q

Who introduced the Fordney McCumber Tariff?

A

Warren Harding

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25
Q

By 1929, most houses had e________

A

Electricity

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26
Q

Which amendment to the US Constitution marked the start of alcohol prohibtion across America in 1920?
- 13th Amendment
- 18th Amendment
- 19th Amendment

A

18th Amendment

27
Q

During Prohibition, what was the name of the illegal bars and nightclubs that continued to sell alcohol?

A

Speakeasies

28
Q

Which law in 1924 reduced immigration to only 150,000 people per year?

A

The National Origins Act

29
Q

Which revolution of 1917 increased the fears of communism infiltrating America?
- Russian Revolution
- French Revolution
- Mexican Revolution

A

The Russian Revolution

30
Q

What was the name of the US Attorney General whose home was bombed in July 1919?

A

A. Mitchell Palmer

He is best known for overseeing the Palmer Raids during the Red Scare of 1919-1920.

31
Q

What was the outcome of the Sacco and Vanzetti case?

A

In 1927, both were executed by electrocution in Charlestown

32
Q

The H______ R_______ was the name of the cultural movement that developed in African American communities in New York.

A

Harlem Rennaissance

33
Q

In 1920s, the KKK was generally made of what group of people?
- White Catholics
- White Anglo-Saxon Protestants WASPS

A

White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPS)

34
Q

What was the name of the civil rights organisation co-founded by Ida B Wells.

A

The National Association of for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

35
Q

When did the Ku Klux Klan movement start?

A

At the end of the American Civil War in 1865.

36
Q

The KKK had over 1_________ members by 1921.

A

100,000

37
Q

What was lynching?

A

Members of the KKK killed black people by hanging them without trial and took law into their own hands

38
Q

People had more d_______ income and more free time to spend money in the 1920s

A

Disposable

39
Q

In 1929, Hollywoods film studios were making:
- More than 5 films
- More than 50 films
- More than 500 films

A

More than 500 films

40
Q

When was the first ‘talkie’ released

A

1927

41
Q

How many people a week went to see movies by 1925?

A

50 million
Half the nations population.

42
Q

Where did Jazz begin?

A

New Orleans

43
Q

Name one new dance from the 1920s.

A
  • The Charleston
  • The Tango
  • The Black Bottom
44
Q

Name the range of advertising mediums used in 1920s America.

A
  • Newspapers and magazines
  • Adverts on billboards
  • Cinema and radio
  • Famous film and sports stars used to promote brands.
45
Q

What was hire purchase?

A
  • A form of credit that allows people to buys goods without paying I full straight away.
  • Buy now pay later
46
Q

What was the effect of hire purchase and credit in 1920’s America?

A
  • Increased demand and the sale of goods
  • Made them more affordable and available to ordinary people.
47
Q

Who adopted a laissez-faire policy and what did it do?

A
  • Republicans
  • Left businesses alone to push growth. Made the rich richer.
48
Q

When was the first car produced and sold?

A

1865

49
Q

A______ lines led to the rapid increase of car production

A

Assembly

50
Q

When did prohibition end?

A

1933

51
Q

Name the groups who wanted alcohol to be banned from American society.

A
  • Social campaigners
  • Temperance societies
  • Business leaders
  • The Anti-Saloon League
52
Q

What was the name given to groups that wanted to ban alcohol?

A

Dries

53
Q

When was the New Deal introduced?

A

1933

54
Q

What was the New Deal?

A
  • Provide immediate economic relief
  • Bring about reforms to stabilise the economy
55
Q

Name areas reformed by the New Deal.

A
  • Industry
  • Agriculture
  • Finance
  • Waterpower
  • Labour
  • Housing
56
Q

Democratic promised ‘a new deal for the f_______ man’

A

Forgotten

57
Q

What was the 100 days

A

Much of the New Deal legislation was enacted in the first three months of Roosevelt’s presidency.

58
Q

What were the ‘Fireside Chats’?

A

A series of radio broadcasts meant to gain support for his New Deal policies.

59
Q

Name two problems faced by people in America during the depression

A

A decade of hardship, poverty and desperation caused by:
- Number of products sold halved between 1929 and 1933.
- Mass unemployment or reduced working hours
- 9,000 banks closed between 1930-1933 meaning many Americans lost their savings
- 1932 23% of population were unemployed.
- Homelessness

60
Q

What were the negative impacts of Prohibition on American Society?

A
  • Criminalised the practice of drinking alcohol
  • Led to organised crime networks
  • More speakeasies than bars in 1925
  • Murders rose across American cities
61
Q

What were the positive outcomes of Prohibition on American society?

A

Alcohol consumption fell by 30% by 1929.
Arrests for drunkeness declined
Deaths from cirrhosis fell by 1/3 between 1916 and 1929.

62
Q

Who did not prosper during the boom?

A
  • Workers in old industries
  • Working-class women, African Americans, Native Americans, the elderly, the rural poor
  • Farmers and agricultural workers
63
Q

Name the causes of a the Great Depression

A
  • Inequality
  • Problems in agriculture
  • Overproduction
  • Problems abroad
  • Laissez-faire
  • The Wall Street Crash

History (8 decks)

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