Elizabeth (1)

Question 1

What problems did Elizabeth face about her legitimacy

Answer 1

Daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII after his divorce from Catherine of Aragon, not everyone accepted Elizabeth’s legitimacy (especially Catholics)
Many thought that Mary Queen of Scots was the legitimate Queen

Question 2

What problems did Elizabeth face about her marriage

Answer 2

Women were thought to be inferior. A queen ruling by herself was very unusual so many felt that Elizabeth should marry

Question 3

What problems did Elizabeth face about her religion

Answer 3

In 1588, countey was divided by religion ( Protestant and Catholic )

Question 4

What problems did Elizabeth face about Foreign Powers

Answer 4

England was weak compared to others, the most powerful were France and Spain, both Roman Catholic

Question 5

What problems did Elizabeth face about Money

Answer 5

England had fought costly wars before Elizabeth became Queen. Crown was £300,000 in debt when she took the throne

Question 6

What did Elizabeth want to do about the religous issues

Answer 6

Elizabeth tried to follow a Middle Way in religion, which both Catholics and Protestants could accept.

Question 7

What did catholics like about the religous settlement (1559)

Answer 7

• They could still believe in transubstantiation

- Images were allowed in churches

Question 8

What did protestants like about the religious settlement (1559)

Answer 8

• Bible/Prayer books in English

- Control of the Pope ended

Question 9

What was the act of supremacy

Answer 9

Put elizabeth in charge of the church

Question 10

What was the act of uniformity

Answer 10

Established the appearence of churches and types of services

Question 11

What was the royal injunction

Answer 11

Instructions on how to reimforce the acts of supremacy and uniformity

Question 12

How did puritans challenge the religous settlement

Answer 12

The main problems were with the use of crucifixes and vestments
Elizabeth had to back down over the crucifix but the majority of priests consented about vestments

Question 13

How did catholics challenge the religous settlement

Answer 13

The Pope instructed Catholics to not attend church services
Many of the English Nobilty in the North of England were recusants (Catholics that refused to go to Elizabethan church services).
This led to revolt of the Northern Earls

Question 14

How did foreign powers challenge the religous settlement

Answer 14

• Protestantism was rising in Europe but many leading Catholic powers (France,Spain) were a threat to Elizabeth’s settlement.
• Religious war broke out in France in 1562 and Elizabeth was worried about this threatening her position
• Spain’, military presence in the Netherlands during the Dutch revolt was a clear threat to Elizabeth

Question 15

What were the problems with mary queen of scots

Answer 15

Many Catholics saw Mary Queen of Scots as the legitimate monarch (she was Elizabeth’s second cousin and had a direct link to the throne).

Elizabeth kept her in captivity in england to prevent revolt

Question 16

What caused the revolt of the Northern Earls 1569

Answer 16

• Northern nobility tended to remain Catholic.
• Did well out of Mary I’s reign.
• Found their influence reduced under Elizabeth and disliked her ‘favourites’ like Dudley and Cecil

Question 17

What was the plan of the revolt of the Northern Earls 1568

Answer 17

• Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland would raise an army and take control of Durham and would then march south to join the Duke of Norfolk’s forces
• Several thousand Spanish troops would land in Hartlepool to support the rebels
• Mary Queen of Scots would be freed, married to the Duke Norfolk and placed on the throne

Question 18

What were the main events of the revolt of the Northern Earls 1569

Answer 18

November 1659 – earls of Northumberland and Westmorland led a rebellion against Elizabeth called the Revolt of the Northern Earls.
Took Durham Cathedral and celebrated a full Catholic mass

Question 19

What was the outcome of the revolt of the Northern Earls 1569

Answer 19

Most nobles stayed loyal to Elizabeth and by 24 November they were forced to retreat and eventually defeated.
Prompted harsher treatments against Catholics. Pope Pius VI excommunicated Elizabeth (expelled her from the church)

Question 20

Why did the dutch revolt happen

Answer 20

The Netherlands belonged to Spain at this time but events such as the Spanish Inquisition led to the Dutch Revolt starting in 1566

Question 21

How did elizabeth support the dutch and create enemies with the spanish

Answer 21

She allowed Dutch rebels to take shelter in English ports (Sea Beggars), took money from Spanish ships (‘Genoese Loan’) and provided financial help to the Dutch rebels.

Question 22

What was the treaty of nonsuch (1585)

Answer 22

A treaty in support of dutch rebels