Elizabeathen Englnad

Question 1

What was the problem Elizabeth faced with Legitimacy?

Answer 1

Daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII after his divorce from Catherine of Aragon, not everyone accepted Elizabeth’s legitimacy (especially Catholics)
Many thought that Mary Queen of Scots was the legitimate Queen

Question 2

What was the prblem with religion?

Answer 2

In 1558, country was
divided by religion
(Protestant and Catholic)

Question 3

What was the problem with foreign powers?

Answer 3

England was weak compared to others (France and Spain= most powerful and were both Roman Catholic)

Question 4

What was the problem with money?

Answer 4

England had fought costly wars before Elizabeth became Queen. Crown was £300,000 in debt when she took the throne.

Question 5

What was the Act of Supremacy?

Answer 5

Elizabeth was made supreme governor of the church.

Question 6

What was the Act of Uniformity?

Answer 6

all churches and services to be the same across the country

Question 7

What was the royal injunctions?

Answer 7

instructions to reinforce the two main Acts.

Question 8

What did the catholics do to challenge the religious settlement?

Answer 8

The Pope instructed Catholics to not attend church services
Many of the English Nobilty in the North of England were recusants (Catholics that refused to go to Elizabethan church services).

Question 9

Why was Mary, Queen of Scots, a problem for Elizabeth?

Answer 9

Man catholics saw Mary Queen of Scots as the legitimate monarch so she had great influence.
Elizabeth was unsure what to do with Mary so she was kept captive in England.

Question 10

What caused the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 10

Northern nobility tended to remain Catholic.
Did well out of Mary I’s reign.
Found their influence reduced under Elizabeth and disliked her ‘favourites’ like Dudley and Cecil

Question 11

What was the outcome for The Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 11

Most nobles stayed loyal to Elizabeth and by 24 November they were forced to retreat and eventually defeated.
Prompted harsher treatments against Catholics. Pope Pius VI excommunicated Elizabeth (expelled her from the church)

Question 12

How did Elizabeth support the dutch revolt?

Answer 12

She allowed Dutch rebels to take shelter in English ports (Sea Beggars), took money from Spanish ships (‘Genoese Loan’) and provided financial help to the Dutch rebels.

Question 13

What was the babington plot?

Answer 13

Duke of Guise would again invade, Catholics encouraged to rebel. Anthony Babington wrote to Mary about the plot.

Question 14

What events happened in the babbington plot?

Answer 14

Walsingham intercepted the letters and deciphered the codes within them.
Babington and accomplices executed,

Question 15

What was the result of the Babington plot?

Answer 15

Elizabeth’s government became determined to crush Catholicism. Mary finally tried by the Privy Council and sentenced to death
Mary executed in February 1587

Question 16

What was the ‘Singeing the King of Spain’s beard’?

Answer 16

Drake sailed into Cadiz Harbour and destroyed 30 Spanish ships and a large amount of their supplies.
England knew that Spain was preparing an attack and this raid delayed their preparations by a year and this gave the English more time to prepare

Question 17

What were the reasons for the defeat of the Armada?

Answer 17

• English Galleons (quicker, able to carry guns more efficiently)
• English cannons be reloaded more quickly on these ships
• Spanish supplies (poor quality cannon balls, rotting food etc.)
• Unreliable communications between Spanish (Medina-Sidonia and Parma)
• Duke of Parma had control of no deep sea ports
• English tactics – 6x more firepower, fireships
created panic in Spanish
• Spanish poor leadership and tactics
• Weather finally destroyed the Armada

Question 18

What were the consequences of the Armada’s defeat?

Answer 18

• Great propaganda victory
• “God blew, and they were scattered” medal
showed the importance of the religious victory
• Great boost to English pride
• Dutch rebels were encouraged to renew their
fight
• Showed strength and skill of the English navy
• Defeat cost Spain very dearly, financially and
politically and marked the beginning of a decline in fortune

Question 19

What were the reason for the increase in poverty?

Answer 19

• Increased population
• Rising food prices
• Sheep farming and enclosure of fields meant less people were employed in farms
• More people forced to move to cities to look for work
• International problems such as Dutch Revolt affected trade

Question 20

What was the 1572 Vagabonds Act ?

Answer 20

to deter vagrancy. Beggars sent to Houses of Correction

Question 21

What was 1576 Poor Relief Act?

Answer 21

to help able bodied people find work. Elderly and sick given alms houses to live in

Question 22

What did Drake do on his circumnavigation of the world?

Answer 22

Raided Spanish ships, gathered lots of useful information about Americas.

Question 23

Why was establishing a colony in virginia seen as important?

Answer 23

England would no longer need to rely on Europe for trade if it could control the trade from the New World

Question 24

Why did the first attempt to colonies Virginia fail?

Answer 24

• Vital supplies were damaged on the journey
• They left too late to plant crops
• Difficulty hunting Gunpowder had been spoiled on the journey

Question 25

What was the ‘lost colony’?

Answer 25

When they went to colonise they experienced many problems, including significant hostility from Native tribes. John White returned to England to update Raleigh and when he returned in 1590 he found the colony deserted