Elimination Disorders Flashcards
what are the disorders categorized as Elimination Disorders? and what is their key feature?
- Enuresis
- Encopresis
Disturbance in bowel and bladder movements
what is Enuresis?
repeated urination in clothing and be for at least 3 consecutive months
usually occurs in the early afternoon on school days
when do we say that enuresis is nocturnal type?
passage of urine only during nighttime sleep
when do we say that enuresis is diurnal type?
passage of urine during waking hours
occurs when voiding is deferred (meaning that when a child is busy they just ignore it but they can also just suddenly pee in their pants)
reluctant to use the toilet, social anxiety, preoccupation with school or play
when do we say that enuresis is nocturnal and diurnal
passage of urine during nighttime sleep and waking hours
what is primary nocturnal enuresis?
no dry period for longer than 6 months
what is secondary nocturnal enuresis?
relapse after at least a 6 month dry spell
what is monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis?
no daytime bladder dysfunction
what is nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis?
bladder symptoms such as urgency or voiding postponement can occur during the day
what are the causes of enuresis?
- Delayed or lax toilet training
- Psychosocial stress
- Delays in the development of normal circadian rhythm
4.Abnormalities in central vasopressin receptor sensitivity - Reduced functional bladder hyperactivity
what are the treatments for enuresis?
- Desmopressin link (DDAVP)
- Bedwetting alarms
- Toilet training
what is encopresis?
repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places for at least one time every 3 months
what are the causes for encopresis?
- Inadequate, inconsistent toilet training
- Psychosocial distress
what is primary encopresis?
the child has never established fecal continence
what is secondary encopresis?
encopresis occurs after period when child has established fecal continence
what are the treatments for encopresis?
- Rewards for compliance
- Record the child’s progress to check the causes
- Long-term laxative use is contraindicated (should not be used)
