Elimination Flashcards
ARF
acute renal failure
anuria
failure of kidneys to produce urine
dysuria
painful or difficult urination
ESRD
end stage renal disease. The final stage of nephropathy is called kidney failure, end-stage renal disease, or ESRD. According to the CDC, diabetes is the most common cause of ESRD
enuresis
involuntary urination, esp. by children at night
hematuria
presence of blood in urine
oliguria
production of abnormally small amounts of urine
nephropathy
the deterioration of kidney function. The final stage of nephropathy is called kidney failure, end-stage renal disease, or ESRD
nephrotoxic
rapid deterioration in the kidney function due to toxic effect of medications and chemicals. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity
nocturia
a condition in which you wake up during the night because you have to urinate
micturition
the action of urinating
pessary
a removable device that is inserted into the vagina (birth canal) to provide support in the area of a prolapse
proteinuria
high levels of protein in your urine
pyuria
the presence of pus in the urine, typically from bacterial infection
urgency
a sudden, strong need to urinate
urge incontinence
when you have a strong, sudden need to urinate that is difficult to delay. The bladder then squeezes, or spasms, and you lose urine
stress incontinence
too little tone. happens when physical movement or activity — such as coughing, laughing, sneezing, running or heavy lifting — puts pressure (stress) on your bladder, causing you to leak urine
mixed incontinence
occurs when a combination of urge incontinence and stress incontinence symptoms are present. Frequent urges to use the restroom (overactive bladder) combined with leaks during physical activity, coughing or sneezing (stress incontinence) are symptoms of mixed incontinence.
overflow incontinence
just can’t hold anymore. You experience frequent or constant dribbling of urine due to a bladder that doesn’t empty completely
functional incontinence
also known as disability associated urinary incontinence. It occurs when the person’s bladder and/or bowel is working normally but they are unable to access the toilet. This may be due to a physical or a cognitive condition
transient incontinence
urine leakage that is caused by a temporary (transient) situation such as an infection or new medicine. Once the cause is removed, the incontinence goes away
unconscious incontinence
occurs when a person is unaware of the need to urinate
enuresis incontinence
the medical term for bedwetting. Incontinence is accidental or intentional urination in children who are at an age where they should be able to have control of their bladders. Girls usually obtain bladder control before boys do
nocturnal incontinence
also called nighttime incontinence or nocturnal enuresis — is involuntary urination while asleep after the age at which staying dry at night can be reasonably expected
anticholinergic to inhibit involuntary bladder contractions. Indicated for ppl. with overactive bladder, including urinary frequency and urgency
Oxybutynin or Tolterodine tartrate
french sizing in catheters - the larger the size __________
the larger the lumen
urinary diversion: nephrostomy
coming directly from the kidney. straight from renal pelvis to collection bag
urinary diversion: ileal conduit
they take a portion of the ileum (last portion of small intestine) and connect the ureters to it and then divert the ileum to the surface of the abdomen to become the stoma
recommend _____ ml’s of water a day
1500 ml
position for an enema
SIM’s: left side lying with right knee flexed
Reanastomosis
reconnecting the bowel
stomas reach their mature size when?
6-8 weeks after surgery
cut opening of wafer how much bigger than stoma?
1/16 - 1/8th “ larger than stoma
what’s a colostomy?
surgical formation of an opening from the colon to the surface of the body
what’s an ileostomy?
*surgical creation of an external opening into the ileum to bypass the large intestine
*the stoma is typically located in the lower right quadrant
colostomy: ascending colon
*right abdomen
*output is typically liquid to semi-liquid and is very irritating to peristoma
colostomy: transverse colon
*mid-abdomen
*this location is used for a temporary ostomy, with the stoma constructed as a loop
*output is pasty
colostomy: descending colon
*left upper abdomen
*the output is semi-formed
colostomy: sigmoid colon
*left lower abdomen
*location for a permanent ostomy
*output is formed
what’s a urostomy?
a urinary diversion that allows urine to exit the body after removal of diseased or damaged section of urinary tract
when the entire bladder is removed __________ can be created
ileal conduit: a loop of intestinal ileum is separated to be used as a conduit for urine. The ureters are attached to the ileal conduit, and the open end is brought out through the abdominal wall to form the stoma. The remaining ileum is reconnected to the rest of the digestive tract
people’s average urine output per hour is typically _____ ml/hour
30 ml/hour
what’s a cecostomy?
a surgical opening created in the cecum, the first section of the large intestine, with an opening to the abdominal wall for diversion of feces
what’s a loop colostomy?
involves a large and usually temporary stoma that is created by pulling a loop of intestine onto the abdominal wall and creating two openings in the loop
which urinary diversion option will allow a patient to have some control over urinary elimination?
*Kock’s pouch
*It is a continent ileal bladder conduit that does not require an external drainage collection device because the client self-catheterizes every 2 to 4 hr to remove urine
*This device will allow the client to have some control over urinary elimination
