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Chemisty > Elements And Compounds > Flashcards

Elements And Compounds Flashcards

1
Q

Cation

A

An ion that has a positive charge

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2
Q

Anion

A

An ion that has a negative charge

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3
Q

Isotope

A

An atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element do but has a different number of neutrons

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4
Q

Ion

A

An atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a positive or negative charge

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5
Q

When 2 or more elements react and join together they form a

A

Compound

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6
Q

Particles within compounds are held together by

A

Bonds

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7
Q

These atoms are bonded by metallic bonds

A

Metals

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8
Q

These atoms are bonded by covalent bonds

A

Non metals

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9
Q

These atoms are bonded by ionic bonds

A

Metals and non metals

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10
Q

Why are noble gases un reactive

A

Because they have filled their outer electron shells

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11
Q

All atoms react to

A

Gain a filled outer electron shell

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12
Q

When atoms react they

A

Transfer electrons to gain a filled outer electron shell

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13
Q

When non metals and metals react they

A

Form an ionic compound which is held together by ionic bonds

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14
Q

Nuclide notation

A

A method to show the atomic and mass number and if appropriate the charges of the ion

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15
Q

Elements naturally exist in

A

Compounds

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16
Q

Why do elements form compounds

A

To have a full outer electron shell

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17
Q

Electrons are shared when

A

It’s a covalent bond

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18
Q

Electrons are transferred when

A

It’s a ionic bond

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19
Q

How to determine the chemical formula for an ionic compound

A
  1. Write down the ions of each element with its charge
  2. Determine the # of each ion it takes to make a compound with no charge.(criss cross applesauce)
  3. Write down the formula using subscripts to show how many of each ion it took
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20
Q

What is the formula for the compound that forms between magnesium and phosphorus

A

Mg3P2

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21
Q

How to name ionic compounds

A
  1. Write the name of the first element ( the metal )
  2. Write the name of the 2nd element ( the non metal ) with and ide ending
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22
Q

What’s the ionic compound name for K3P

A

Potassium Phosphide

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23
Q

Polyatomic ions

A

A positive or negatively charged, covalent bonded group of atoms

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24
Q

Ammonium

A

NH4 +1

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25
Q

Nitrate

A

NO3 -1

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26
Q

Hydroxide

A

OH -1

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27
Q

Phosphate

A

PO4 -3

28
Q

Sulfate

A

SO4 -2

29
Q

Carbonate

A

CO3 -2

30
Q

Acetate

A

C2H3O2 -1

31
Q

Chlorate

A

ClO3 -1

32
Q

When writing the name of compounds what is the exception if a polyatomic ion is used

A

Use the specific name

33
Q

How do you write Na3PO4

A

Nitrogen Phosphate

34
Q

What is the formula for the ionic compound aluminum carbonate

A

Al2(CO3)3

35
Q

What does the () mean in formulas

A

They just separate the sub shells from one another

36
Q

How to name ionic compounds for transition metals

A
  1. Write the name of the first element ( the metal )and include a Roman numeral to indicate the charge of the metal
  2. Write the name of the 2nd element (the non metal with an ide ending
37
Q

How do you write the name of CuCl

A

Copper ( l ) Chloride

38
Q

How to determine the formula for an ionic compound with transition metals

A
  1. Write down the ions of each element with their charge
  2. Determine the #of each ion it takes to make a compound with no charge ( criss cross applesauce )
  3. Write down the formula using sub scripts to show how many of each ion it took
39
Q

What cancels out in chemistry

A

The same positive and negative number

40
Q

How do you write the chemical formula for Fe3N

A

Iron (l) Nitride

41
Q

How to determine the name for covalent compounds Formula-Name

A
  1. Name the first element with prefix to indicate how many
  2. Name 2nd element with prefix to indicate how many and add an ide ending
42
Q

What is the exception for naming covalent compounds. Formula - Name

A

Don’t use mono (1) for first element

43
Q

How to determine the formula for a covalent compound. Name - formula

A

Use prefixes to determine subscripts

NO CRISS CROSSES OR SIMPLIFYING IN COVALENT

44
Q

Covalent bond

A

A bond that results between non metal elements that share electrons

45
Q

Diatomic molecule

A

A molecule that consists of 2 atoms

46
Q

Give an example of a diatomic molecule

A

H2

47
Q

Octet rule

A

The outer shell of an atom has a full valence shell of 8 electrons

48
Q

Valence

A

The number of chemical bonds an element is capable of forming

49
Q

Valence electrons

A

An electron that is found in the outer most shell of an atom

50
Q

Ionic bond

A

The transfer of 1 or more electrons between atoms

51
Q

Ionization energy

A

Removing an electron from an atom or ion

52
Q

Chemical properties

A

Identified by a chemical change

53
Q

Nucleus

A

The center of an atom

54
Q

Orbit

A

The fixed path on which electrons moves or revolves around the atoms nucleus

55
Q

How are covalent compounds created

A

They are created by 2 non metals (anions) sharing electrons

56
Q

What happens to electrons of each element when ionic bonds are created

A

The metal loses electrons to become a cation and the non metal gains the electrons to become an anion

57
Q

What happens to electrons of each element when covalent bonds are created

A

The electrons go to the nucleus of both atoms and both elements share the electrons

58
Q

Mono

A

1

59
Q

Di

A

2

60
Q

Tri

A

3

61
Q

Tetra

A

4

62
Q

Penta

A

5

63
Q

Hexa

A

6

64
Q

Hepta

A

7

65
Q

Octa

A

8

66
Q

Nona

A

9

67
Q

Deca

A

10

Chemisty (7 decks)

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