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Elements And Compounds Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

Cation

A

An ion that has a positive charge

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2
Q

Anion

A

An ion that has a negative charge

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3
Q

Isotope

A

An atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element do but has a different number of neutrons

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4
Q

Ion

A

An atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a positive or negative charge

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5
Q

When 2 or more elements react and join together they form a

A

Compound

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6
Q

Particles within compounds are held together by

A

Bonds

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7
Q

These atoms are bonded by metallic bonds

A

Metals

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8
Q

These atoms are bonded by covalent bonds

A

Non metals

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9
Q

These atoms are bonded by ionic bonds

A

Metals and non metals

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10
Q

Why are noble gases un reactive

A

Because they have filled their outer electron shells

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11
Q

All atoms react to

A

Gain a filled outer electron shell

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12
Q

When atoms react they

A

Transfer electrons to gain a filled outer electron shell

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13
Q

When non metals and metals react they

A

Form an ionic compound which is held together by ionic bonds

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14
Q

Nuclide notation

A

A method to show the atomic and mass number and if appropriate the charges of the ion

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15
Q

Elements naturally exist in

A

Compounds

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16
Q

Why do elements form compounds

A

To have a full outer electron shell

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17
Q

Electrons are shared when

A

It’s a covalent bond

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18
Q

Electrons are transferred when

A

It’s a ionic bond

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19
Q

How to determine the chemical formula for an ionic compound

A
  1. Write down the ions of each element with its charge
  2. Determine the # of each ion it takes to make a compound with no charge.(criss cross applesauce)
  3. Write down the formula using subscripts to show how many of each ion it took
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20
Q

What is the formula for the compound that forms between magnesium and phosphorus

A

Mg3P2

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21
Q

How to name ionic compounds

A
  1. Write the name of the first element ( the metal )
  2. Write the name of the 2nd element ( the non metal ) with and ide ending
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22
Q

What’s the ionic compound name for K3P

A

Potassium Phosphide

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23
Q

Polyatomic ions

A

A positive or negatively charged, covalent bonded group of atoms

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24
Q

Ammonium

A

NH4 +1

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25
Nitrate
NO3 -1
26
Hydroxide
OH -1
27
Phosphate
PO4 -3
28
Sulfate
SO4 -2
29
Carbonate
CO3 -2
30
Acetate
C2H3O2 -1
31
Chlorate
ClO3 -1
32
When writing the name of compounds what is the exception if a polyatomic ion is used
Use the specific name
33
How do you write Na3PO4
Nitrogen Phosphate
34
What is the formula for the ionic compound aluminum carbonate
Al2(CO3)3
35
What does the () mean in formulas
They just separate the sub shells from one another
36
How to name ionic compounds for transition metals
1. Write the name of the first element ( the metal )and include a Roman numeral to indicate the charge of the metal 2. Write the name of the 2nd element (the non metal with an ide ending
37
How do you write the name of CuCl
Copper ( l ) Chloride
38
How to determine the formula for an ionic compound with transition metals
1. Write down the ions of each element with their charge 2. Determine the #of each ion it takes to make a compound with no charge ( criss cross applesauce ) 3. Write down the formula using sub scripts to show how many of each ion it took
39
What cancels out in chemistry
The same positive and negative number
40
How do you write the chemical formula for Fe3N
Iron (l) Nitride
41
How to determine the name for covalent compounds Formula-Name
1. Name the first element with prefix to indicate how many 2. Name 2nd element with prefix to indicate how many and add an ide ending
42
What is the exception for naming covalent compounds. Formula - Name
Don’t use mono (1) for first element
43
How to determine the formula for a covalent compound. Name - formula
Use prefixes to determine subscripts NO CRISS CROSSES OR SIMPLIFYING IN COVALENT
44
Covalent bond
A bond that results between non metal elements that share electrons
45
Diatomic molecule
A molecule that consists of 2 atoms
46
Give an example of a diatomic molecule
H2
47
Octet rule
The outer shell of an atom has a full valence shell of 8 electrons
48
Valence
The number of chemical bonds an element is capable of forming
49
Valence electrons
An electron that is found in the outer most shell of an atom
50
Ionic bond
The transfer of 1 or more electrons between atoms
51
Ionization energy
Removing an electron from an atom or ion
52
Chemical properties
Identified by a chemical change
53
Nucleus
The center of an atom
54
Orbit
The fixed path on which electrons moves or revolves around the atoms nucleus
55
How are covalent compounds created
They are created by 2 non metals (anions) sharing electrons
56
What happens to electrons of each element when ionic bonds are created
The metal loses electrons to become a cation and the non metal gains the electrons to become an anion
57
What happens to electrons of each element when covalent bonds are created
The electrons go to the nucleus of both atoms and both elements share the electrons
58
Mono
1
59
Di
2
60
Tri
3
61
Tetra
4
62
Penta
5
63
Hexa
6
64
Hepta
7
65
Octa
8
66
Nona
9
67
Deca
10

Chemisty (7 decks)

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