Element 2: Hazards & Risk Control Flashcards
Outline general site control measures
- Arrangements should be made for access to the site, incl warning signs at site entrance, provision of good visbilty, easy movement of vehicles and appropiate areas for waste disposal.
- Roadways and pedestrian routes should be well signed, and vehicles and pedestrians segregated or a one way system in place with traffic controls.
- Storage areas should be well signed, secured and protected and large enough to accomodate any materials left on site. Dangerous or flammable materials should be stored in separate areas, away from other materials and protected from sources of ignition
- Safe unloading / loading areas are required. A banksman should be used for reversing and unloading operations.
- Site offices for contractors and staff will normally be temporary and situated close to the main site entrance. Adequate fire and escape provisions must be in place and temporary servcies should be identified and protected.
- Lighting along access routes and in areas with scaffolding and skips should be sufficient to enable people to work and move about safely.
- Signs should be provided as indicated by the health and safety plan.
- Remediation works may be required, any existing boundary fences, roadways etc may need to be brought up to standard
- Provision of utility services need to be in place
Outline control measures for exposure to sunlight and inclement weather
- Carry out a risk assessment of weather and where possible reschedule to avoid bad weather
- provide suitable welfare facilities and shelter, such as changing and drying rooms, heated or cooled shelter
- Provide adequate protective clothing eg warm and water proof
- protect against sunburn with sun lotion
- Provide safe systems of work and regular inspection
Explain the factors to be considered when carrying out an initial assessment of a site
- Previous / current use ( inc green / brown field site and existing occupied / unoccupied premises )
- History of site ( inc likelyhood of asbestos or other contaminents or underground voids )
- Area of site, restrictions
- Topography and ground conditions
- Other (non-construction) activities on site
- Nature of surroundings, proximity and features of roads, footpaths, railways, waterways, schools.
- Means of access
- Presence of overhead and buried services
Identify circumstances where the risk of violence at work is increased
- Handling of high value goods
- Refusing a service or access to customers
- Censuring clients or customers
- Contact with clients who are under stress
- Dealing with employees who may be subject to disciplinary measures or under the influence of alcohol or drugs
- Working alone or at night
- Working in urban areas
Identify hazards to pedestrians
- Slips, trips and falls on the same level
- Falls from height, use of stairs steps, excavations, manholes
- Collisions or striking, either being hit by something such as a moving vehicle or falling object
- Environmental conditions, the effects of poor lighting, heat or cold, noise , dust, sparks or harmful substances in the air
Effects for cold environments include: hypothermia, frostbite, slip hazards and freeze burn injuries
Outline control measure for cold environments
Controls for cold environments include limiting exposure time through job rotation and provide regular breaks, protecting against draughts, shielding or lagging cold surfaces, providing warm refuges and warm clothing, ensuring icy floors or roads are gritted / salted / scraped, provide access to hot food and drink
Effects of heat include: dehydration, muscle cramps, heat stress, heat stroke and burns.
Outline control measure for extreme heat
Controls for a hot environment include providing good ventilation limiting exposure time through job rotation and regular breaks, providing cool refuges, insulating or shielding of heat sources, provide access to drinking water and PPE as required
Identify control measures to protect against violence at work
- Identify any existing problems through incident investigation reports, interviews with staff, staff surveys etc
- Elimination or substitution eg; minimise cash handling, minimise customer frustation, refusing access to potentially violent customers etc
- Engineering controls; screens guards
- Procedural controls
- Individual measures
- Investigation
- Preventing violence between employees
Control measures for pedestrian hazards
- risk assessment
- slip resistant surfaces
- spillage control and drainage
- designated walkways
- fencing and guarding
- use of signs and PPE
- Information, instruction, training and supervision
Outline the requirements for welfare facilities
Welfare facilities are laid out in scedule 2 of the CDM regs it includes specifiations for sanitary conveniences, washing facilities, drinking water, changing areas and accomodation for clothing, food and drink preparation and eating facilties, ventilation, heating and lighting of facilities and first aid provision
