Element 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some of the harmful substances that construction workers might come across?

A
  • Construction dust
  • Lead
  • Asbestos
  • Cement
  • Isocyanates
  • Carbon monoxide
  • Micro-organisms (e.g. Leptospira)
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2
Q

What are the 3 types of biological agent?

A
  • Fungi
  • Bacteria
  • Virus
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3
Q

What are the factors to consider when undertaking a hazardous substance risk assessment?

A
  • Routes of entry
  • The level of exposure
  • The nature of the task
  • Consequences of failure of control measures
  • Individual susceptibility
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4
Q

Monitoring involves using measuring techniques to show that hazardous substance control is adequate. True or false?

A

True.

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5
Q

What are the eight “principles of good practice” for hazardous substance control?

A
  • Minimise emission, release and spread
  • Consider routes of exposure
  • Choose control measures proportionate to the risk
  • Choose effective control options
  • Personal Protective Equipment - the final control option
  • Review the effectiveness of controls
  • Provide information and training
  • New measures, new risks
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6
Q

All asbestos removal work has to be carried out by licenced contractors. True or false?

A

False. Lower risk work (such as removing asbestos gutters, downpipes and gaskets) can be done by non-licenced personnel - but who have to be competent to carry out the work.

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7
Q

Safety data sheets (SDS) are a form of hazardous substance risk assessment. True or false?

A

False. The SDS gives information about the substance that is a starting point for an assessment.

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8
Q

Carbon monoxide is an odourless and colourless gas that can kill. True or false?

A

True

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9
Q

Grab sampling (such as using a stain tube detector) can be used to assess occupational exposure levels. True or false?

A

False. Grab sampling only gives a reading at the time of sampling. It is therefore of little benefit when assessing occupational exposure levels, which are time average.

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10
Q

Tetanus is a serious disease and can sometimes be fatal. True or false?

A

True. Control measures include immunisation and covering any open wounds.

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11
Q

What is the difference between respirable and total inhalable dust?

A
  • Total inhalable dust: Is the fraction of airborne material which enters the nose and mouth during breathing and is therefore liable to deposit anywhere in the respiratory tract.
  • Respirable dust: Is that fraction that penetrates deep into the lungs
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12
Q

What are the routes of entry into the body for a hazardous substance?

A
  • Inhalation
  • Ingestion
  • Absorption
  • Injection/direct entry
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13
Q

What is the hierarchy of control measures that can be used to implement the “principles of good practice”?

A
  • Eliminate the substance
  • Substitute for less harmful substance
  • Change the process
  • Enclose the process
  • Use LEV
  • Isolate (keep workers out of harms way)
  • Use of PPE
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14
Q

What diseases can be caused by exposure to asbestos fibres?

A
  • Asbestosis
  • Mesothelioma
  • Lung cancer
  • Pleural disease
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15
Q

What forms can a hazardous substance take?

A
  • Liquid
  • Solid
  • Dust
  • Gas
  • Vapour
  • Mist
  • Fibre
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16
Q

Leptospirosis is not a disease that can affect construction workers. True or false?

A

False. Potential exposure can arise when working on sewer systems or carrying out demolition work in cellar areas of buildings.