Electrostatics, Electricity & Magnetism Flashcards
Definition of Electrostatics
A study of stationary electric changes
Use of Electrostatics in Medicine:
ECG (electrocardiography)
Defibrillator
Electric charge (q): SI unit
Charge SI Unit : Coulomb (C)
Electric charge (q): Possible Types
Negative / Positive
Electric charge (q): Elementary Charge Value
= 1.6 *10^-19 C
What are charge carriers?
Particles with electric charge
What are 5 examples for the most basic charge carriers?
Electron Proton Atoms - (overall Neutral) Cations (Positive) Anions (Negative)
Coulombโs Law: What does it say? (in words)
Gives the Coulomb force (F) of electrical interactions between two electrical bodies q. r is the distance between the two bodies.
Coulombโs Law: Formula
๐น=๐โ(๐1โ๐2)/๐^2
What is the value and unit of coulombโs constant (k)?
k = Coulombโs constant= 9*10^9 N(๐^2)/๐ถ^2
What is an Electric field?
Model for interpreting electric interactions.
Defined by the force acting on an charge in a point at the field space.Field lines are used to show the electric field range and direction.
What are the properties of a Homogeneous Electric Field?
Any point in Field is with same strength and direction.
Field Lines are Parallel.
What are the properties of a Non- Homogeneous Electric Field?
NOT Any point in Field is with same strength and direction.
Field Lines are NOT Parallel.
What is an Electric dipole?
Electric dipole: Two charges at a given distance (d) apart, with the same magnitude and opposite signs (q)
What is a dipole Field?
Dipole field: The electric field of an electric dipole. It has inhomogeneous field lines.
What is formula for Electric dipole moment (p)?
Electric dipole moment (p):
๐=๐โ๐
What is the SI unit for Electric dipole moment (p)?
Dipole Moment unit -[Coulomb*meter] or [C/m]
What is Electric field strength (E)?
The force F acting on a unit of positive charge. It is a vector quantity.
What is the Formula for Electric field strength (E)?
๐ธ=๐น/๐
What is the Unit for Electric field strength (E)?
Electric field strength Unit: N/C or V*m
What is Voltage (U)?
The work we need to move a unit charge from point 1 to 2 against the electrical field. โU(12)โ
What is the formula for Voltage (U)?
Basic Formula in Electrostatics
๐= ๐/๐
What is the SI Unit for Voltage (U)?
Voltage unit: Volt (V) = J/C
What is Electric potential (๐)?
The work per unit of charge needed to move a charge from a reference point to another specific point (i). Note: The ๐(i)=๐_๐๐ (voltage between point 0 and i).
What is Electric potential Difference (ฮ๐) equal to?
The potential difference is the same as the voltage.
As in the potential difference between point 1 to point 2 is equal to the Voltage โU(12)โ
What is an Equipotential surface?
The set of all points, which has the same electric potential value. The equipotential surface are 90 degrees to the field lines.
What is a Capacitor?
Generally
Capacitor: An electronic component with two terminals (plates), capable of storing electrical charge and energy by generating an almost homogeneous electrical field between the plates.
What is a Parallel Plate Capacitor? and what is formula for its potential difference?
The simplest form of a Capacitor. The potential difference (U) depends on the electrical field strength (E) and the distance between the plates: (๐=๐ธโ๐)
What is a Capacitance?
A measure of a capacitors ability to store charge
What is the formula for Capacitance?
๐ถ= ๐/๐
What is the SI unit for Capacitance?
Capacitance Unit : Farad (F)
C/V
The electric energy stored in the capacitor: is equal to the ______ (__) needed to charge the capacitor.
The electric energy stored in the capacitor: is equal to the WORK (We) needed to charge the capacitor.
What is the formula for Capacitor Electrical Energy Stored?
๐= (1/2)โ(๐^2/๐ถ)=1/2โ๐ถโ๐^2
or ๐= 1/2โ๐ถโ๐^2
Considering a Parallel Plate Capacitor: For With increased electrical charge being transferred to the plates, the electrical ____ will be even stronger .
Considering a Parallel Plate Capacitor: With increased electrical charge being transferred to the plates, the electrical FIELD will be even stronger .
Connecting capacitors in a circuit (2 or more capacitors):
Formula when In SERIES?
1/๐ถ=1/(๐ถ1) +1/(๐ถ2)
Connecting capacitors in a circuit (2 or more capacitors):
Formula when In PARALLEL?
๐ถ=(๐ถ1)+(๐ถ2)
A ________ is used to deliver shock to a patient in cardiac arrest with a shockable rhythm to restart the patientโs heart.
A DEFIBRILLATOR is used to deliver shock to a patient in cardiac arrest with a shockable rhythm to restart the patientโs heart. (โEliminating Fibrillationsโ)
One of the main components of a defibrillator is the ________. The ________ stores large amount of energy as electrical charge in the plates.
One of the main components of a defibrillator is the capacitor. The capacitor stores large amount of energy as electrical charge in the plates.
What is an Electric circuit?
A circuit consisting of electrical components (such as resistors, capacitors, voltage sources).
What is an Electric Current (I)?
The motion of electrically charged particles. It is a physical quantity and it is the amount of electric charge flowing through a cross section in a unit time
What is the formula for Electric Current?
๐ผ= โ๐/โ๐ก
What is the SI Unit for Electric Current?
SI unit for Electric Current (I): Ampere (A)