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Chemistry Module 2 > Electrons & Bonding > Flashcards

Electrons & Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 4 types of orbitals?

A

S, p, d and f

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2
Q

What different types of shape does each orbital have?

A

S orbital = sphere
P orbital = dumbbell Px, Py and Pz

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3
Q

How many orbitals does s, p, d and f have?

A

S = 1
P = 3
D = 5
F = 7

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4
Q

How many subshells are in s, p, d and f orbital?

A

S = 1s
P = 2s + 2p
D = 3s + 3p + 3d
F = 4s + 4p + 4d + 4f

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5
Q

What increases as shell number increases?

A

Energy level

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6
Q

How are spins drawn in an orbital?

A

Opposite spins

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7
Q

How are the spins drawn in a p-orbital?

A

One electron occupies each orbital before pairing starts

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8
Q

What is the electron configuration for Li?

A

1s2 2s1

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9
Q

What is the shorthand notation for electron configuration of Li?

A

[He] 2s1

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10
Q

What is ionic bonding?

A

The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

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11
Q

What is the overall structure of an ionic compound?

A

Giant ionic lattice

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12
Q

What is the melting and boiling point like for ionic bonding?

A

High mp and bp to provide enough energy to overcome strong electrostatic attraction between ions

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13
Q

Why is there a higher melting point for lattices with a greater charge on ions?

A

Because the attraction between ions are stronger

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14
Q

Are ionic compounds soluble?

A

Only in polar solvents (water) by surrounding each ion

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15
Q

What 2 main processes does solubility require?

A
  1. Ionic lattice must be broken down
  2. Water molecules must attract and surround the ions
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16
Q

What is the electrical conductivity like in an ionic compound?

A

In the solid state ions are in a fixed position so there are no mobile charge carriers, in a liquid state the lattice breaks down so there are free mobile charge carriers

17
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

Strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons

18
Q

What is 2 examples of a double covalent bond?

A

CO2 and O2

19
Q

What is are 2 examples of a triple covalent bond?

A

N2 and HCN

20
Q

What is a dative covalent bond?

A

The shared pair of electrons has been supplied by one of the bonding atoms only

21
Q

What are 2 anomalous properties of water which results from hydrogen bonding?

A
  • Ice is less dense than water and is pulled apart into an open lattice held together by hydrogen bonds
  • H2O has a relatively high melting point

Chemistry Module 2 (4 decks)

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