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Electronics > Electronics: Currents and Circuits > Flashcards

Electronics: Currents and Circuits Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two modes that current can travel in?

A

Alternating and Direct Current

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2
Q

Most electronics are powered by…

A

DC

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3
Q

What kind of current is provided by batteries?

A

DC

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4
Q

Differences between AC and DC

A

DC only travels in one direction, negative to possitive. Flow and polarity is constant.

AC alternates its flow direction, polarity.

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5
Q

What kind of current do most households receive?

A

AC

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6
Q

Why are households provided with AC?

A

AC is easier to transmit across greater distances at large vlotages, without burning the cables.

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7
Q

What kind of current is used by houses that are off the grid?

A

DC, as they are the power generated are stored in DC batteries

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8
Q

What sort of things are commonly associated with DC

A

Batteries
Electronics
Telecomunications
Off the grid houses

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9
Q

What are the characterestics on a wavform?

A 
Amplitude
peak amplitude
cycle
period
frequency
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10
Q

Amplitude

A

The measurement of any point of the wave that is either above or below the mean line

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11
Q

Peak Amplitude

A

the point of the wave that is farthest from the mean line, possitive or negative.

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12
Q

Cycle

A

One complete evolution of a wave’s shape

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13
Q

Period

A

The amount of time it takes to complete on cycle. Symbol is T. Measured in seconds and milliseconds

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14
Q

Frequency

A

The number of complete cycles in a given amount of time. Symbol is f, and is measured in Herz(Hz)

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15
Q

One Hz is equal to…

A

One cycle per second.

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16
Q

What is the frequency of AC delivered to households in America?

A

60Hz

17
Q

What is the relationship between frequency and period?

A

f = 1/T

T = 1/f

18
Q

What device can be used to see or visualize waveforms?

A

oscilloscope

19
Q

What is an Altenator?

A

An AC generator

20
Q

What are the two parts of a generator

A

The rotor and stator

21
Q

Different kinds of waveforms

A

Sine, Square, Sawtooth, and Triangle

22
Q

Which waveforms are the most common in electronics

A

Sine and square

23
Q

Which waveforms are used in cathode ray tubes and vocal harmonics

A

Sawtooth

24
Q

What is phase?

A

The relationship between two waves.

25
Q

When are waves in phase?

A

When they overlap

26
Q

What is phase shift?

A

If two waves are of the same frequency and voltage but don’t overlap, they have a phase shift. The first wave is called the leading wave, the next wave is the lagging wave.

27
Q

What happens with a 180 degree phase shift?

A

The two waves cancel eachother out.

28
Q

Why is peak possitive and negative voltage important?

A

Because it allows us to unsure that any circuits we design can tolerate the peak voltages

29
Q

What is peak voltage?

A

Voltage measured at the highest or lowest point of the wave. Abreviated P or PK

30
Q

What is Peak to Peak voltage?

A

The combined amplitude from peak possitive to peak negative. Abreviated PP

31
Q

How to caluculate the average voltage of an ac current?

A

Mulitply the peak voltage with 0.636

32
Q

How to calculate the DC equivalent or root-mean-square/effective voltage?

A

Peak Voltage X 0,707

33
Q

A device that converts AC to DC

A

Rectifier

34
Q

A device that converts DC to AC

A

Inverter

35
Q

Why is it important for a circuit to offer resitance resulting a voltage drop?

A

Heat will be produced as a result of friction along the circuit. The heat can damage the circuit and the chemicals in the battery, causing a short circuit

36
Q

What is an overloaded circuit?

A

A circuit to which too much power is provided, leading to overheating and damage to the components, or even fire or and explotion

37
Q

What are two types of protective devices used to prevent a short circuit

A

Fuses and circuit breakers

38
Q

What are the three different kinds of circuits

A

Series, Parallel, and Series-Parallel

39
Q

Difference between a Series and Parallel circuit?

A

A series circuit moves the current through the components sequentially. A parallel circuit allows the current to flow down two or more paths simultaneously to do more than one operation.

Electronics (5 decks)

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