Electronic patient monitoring

Question 1

Which designed to help you enhance patient care and clinal performance ?

Answer 1

Patient monitoring system also called (homecare telehealth)

Question 2

Detects the difference between deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobin ?

Answer 2

Pulse Oximeter
(Normal values range from 95% to 100%)
( Below 95% is tissues are receiving
inadequate oxygen perfusion )

Question 3

Provides continuous measurement of heart rate and includes ?

Answer 3

Arterial Catheter
includes:
A flush system , a pressure bag , a transducer , An Amplifier and Monitor

Question 4

Device that measures the electrical activity of the heart , displays the form of waves ?

Answer 4

ECG (Electro cardio Graphy )

Question 5

The first phase of contraction is ?

Answer 5

(The right and the left atrium )
which are stimulated by this electrical activity to contract and press blood into the lower chambers which are the ( right and left ventricles )

Question 6

Contraction of these ventricles are ?

Answer 6

Second phase
Which receive an electrical impulse and then press blood up into the pulmonary arteries and into the aorta

Question 7

Conduction of the heart ?

Answer 7

The electrical impulse from SA node
atria to AV node (Called conduction)

Question 8

The electrical simulation of the muscle cells of the atria causes them to contract is ?

Answer 8

Atrial kick

Question 9

Depolarization ? ( Systole)

Answer 9

The cell membrane permeability to Na
increases
Rapid influx of Na occurs
Potassium moves out of the cell

Question 10

Repolarization: (Diastole)

Answer 10

Cells return to the resting state
Na leaves the cell & potassium returns

Question 11

What is p wave , QRS , ST , T and U ?

Answer 11

Atrial depolarization
Ventricular depolarization ( 0.05 to 0.10 sec)
ventricular repolarization
ventricular diastole
repolarization of purkinjee fibers

Question 12

Normal Sinus Rhythm ?

Answer 12

Ventricular & atrial rate : 60-100 in adult.
* Ventricular and atrial rhythm : Regular
* QRS shape and duration : regularly normal
* P wave : always in front of the QRS
* PR interval :- consistent interval between 0.12 and 0.20 sec
* P QRS ratio= 1:1

Question 13

Ventricular& atrial rate is < 60 in adult is considered as ?

Answer 13

Sinus bradycardia

Question 14

Ventricular rate > 100 but < 120 is considered as ?

Answer 14

Sinus tachycardia

Question 15

ECG in radiology ?

Answer 15

Scan the heart when the heart is at rest between actual heart beats

Question 16

Used to compare resting tracings with those obtained under the stress of physical exercise

Answer 16

ECG stress test

Question 17

when there’s a lot of urea and kidney is not functioning well is called ?

Answer 17

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

Which means above 21 kidneys are (struggling to function) and above 50 (means renal failure)

Question 18

What is a chemical by product of metabolism in the muscles ?

Answer 18

Creatinine which it is circulated through the blood and filtered by the kidneys

Above 1.5 – kidneys are not functioning adequately to filter out (normal 0.7 -1.5)

Question 19

What another value that can be calculated from creatinine ?

Answer 19

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

Question 20

What is GFR ( Glomerular Filtration Rate ) ?

Answer 20

estimates the rate at which the kidneys, as the glomerulus are filtering waste from the
blood.

Below 90 which kidneys are not functioning adequately to filter out
Normal : 90-120

Question 21

What are non protein nitrogenous waste products ?

Answer 21

BUN and creatinine

Question 22

What is byproduct of protein metabolism ?

Answer 22

Serum urea nitrogen ( BUN)

Question 23

Blood Clotting Assessments ?

Answer 23

Is involved in the mechanism of forming blood clots

Question 24

Platelet function test is known as ?

Answer 24

The Ivy bleeding time

Question 25

Coagulation tests known as ?

Answer 25

The prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

Question 26

Prothrombin Time ( PT) ?

Answer 26

If the PT is higher than 13.5, that might mean that the patient’s blood is not clotting adequately
( Normal : 11- 13.5 s )

Question 27

Partial thromboplastin ( PTT) ?

Answer 27

Which measures blood coagulation time
( in seconds)
The normal range is 25 to 35 seconds.
Just like the PT, a high PTT is a contraindication for interventional procedures
( uncontrolled bleeding)

Question 28

Is a related lab value and measured as coagulation tendency of blood?

Answer 28

INR ( International normalized Ratio )
Goal of it :
is to ensure that the patient’s blood clotting is adequately
Normal INR is 0.8 to 1.2

Question 29

Which test evaluates the number of platelets in the blood and the body’s clotting activity?

Answer 29

Platelets ( Normal 150,000 -400,000 )

A high count could represent clotting disorders
a low count indicate the potential for bleeding disorders

Question 30

What is used to determine the presence and extent of infectious ?

Answer 30

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Question 31

Is a form of sugar ( blood sugar) ?

Answer 31

Glucose

A high glucose level is called
hyperglycemia ( 250 mg /dL )
Low glucose is called hypoglycemia ( Below 70 mg/dL )

Question 32

Is measurement family of cholesterol- containing substances called ?

Answer 32

lipoproteins

Question 33

2 types of lipoproteins ?

Answer 33

high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Good cholesterol and greater than 60 mg/dl

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ( Risk factor)
bad cholesterol and greater than 160 mg/dl

Question 34

Assessment that measures the amounts of waste products from the breakdown of hemoglobin ?

Answer 34

Serum Bilirubin (may indicate in liver disease)