Electromagnetic Spectrum Flashcards
What are the seven parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, in order?
Left} Radio Micro Infared Visible light Ultra violet X-ray Gamma
On the left side of the electromagnetic spectrum {radio waves} is the frequency high or low?
Low
On the left side of the electromagnetic spectrum {radio waves} is the wavelengths long or short?
Long
On the left side of the electromagnetic spectrum {radio waves} is the energy high or low?
Low
What is special about micro, infared, visible light and ultra violet?
They all have heating effects
What’s special about microwaves?
It has a range of different wavelengths and frequencies
What is the visible light spectrum?
Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet
What’s a use of radio waves?
Communication Radio Tv Mobile phones Bluetooth
What’s a hazard of radio waves?
None are known
What’s a use of micro waves?
Heating effect
Communication
Mobile phones
What’s a hazard of micro waves?
Possible internal heating of body tissues
What’s a use of infared waves?
Heating effect
Cameras
Scanners
Remote controls
What’s a hazard of infared waves?
Heat
Burns skin
What’s a use of visible light?
Photos
Fibre optic cables
What’s a hazard of visible light?
Can damage the eyes
What’s a use of ultra violet light?
Sun beds
Checking for counterfeit money and passports
What’s a hazard of ultra violet light?
Can cause skin cancer
What’s a use of X-rays?
Scanning for broken bones
Scanning bags in airports
What’s a hazard of X-rays?
Can cause cancer
Any dose can be fatal
What’s a use of gamma rays?
Sterilising food
Sterilising surgical equipment
Treating cancer
What’s a hazard of gamma rays?
Causes cancer
Any dose can be fatal
What types of waves are electromagnetic waves?
Transverse
What are electromagnetic waves?
Electric and magnetic disturbances that transfer energy from one place to another
What do all electromagnetic waves travel at?
The speed of light
What is ionising?
Ionising is adding or removing an electron in an atom
What are the radiations that have ionising radiation?
Gamma, X-rays and ultra violet
What are the two steps of communicating using radio waves?
Transmitter produces alternating current, radio waves are emitted at same frequency as this current –> receiver aerial absorb waves
What can interference be caused by?
Signal from a different radio stations using the same frequencies
What are radio waves converted into?
An alternating current
What is diffraction?
Where a wave bends when passing through a gap
If a wave passes through a gap bigger than it, how does the wave refract?
It bends a little bit
If a wave passes through a gap smaller than it, how does the wave refract?
Wave doesn’t bend at all
What two things can radio waves do?
Refract and reflect
Which radio waves refract, which radio waves reflect?
Long waves refract, short waves reflect
What are the steps of a signal from a phone making a call to a person close to you?
Mobile phone sends our microwave signal to base station, which then goes to the receiving phone
What are the steps of a signal from a phone making a call to a person far away from you?
Mobile phone sends our microwave signal to satellite, which is then sent to base station, which then goes to the receiving phone
What are oscillations?
Movements back and forth in a regular rhythm
How are radio waves detected?
By producing oscillations in circuits attached to an Ariel
What two things emits infared radiation?
Toasters and grills
How would infrared travel down glass?
The light is reflected down the glass
What three things can happen to electromagnetic waves when they hit a surface?
They can be reflected, absorbed or transmitted
What do HOW waves behave depend on?
Their energy and material around them
What can ionising radiation do?
Damage `DNA in cells, killing them
What direction would a particle in a transverse wave move in? What direction would the transverse wave move in?
Particle Up and down, wave to the right
What direction would a particle in a longitudinal wave move in? What direction would the longitudinal wave move in?
Particle back and forth left to right, wave to the right
What is an example of a longitudinal wave?
Sound
What is an example of a transverse wave?
Light, water, everything in the electromagnetic spectrum
What do waves do in a medium?
Waves transfer energy through a medium without transferring matter
