electrolytes and acid-base balance Flashcards
if pH and bicarb go in the same direction it is a _______ imbalance
metabolic
if pH and bicarb go in the opposite direction it is a _______ imbalance
respiratory
what saying can you use to remember if the pH goes one way, what happens to the pt, and what happens to K+
as pH goes, so does my pt, except for K+
ex. if pH goes up, body systems goes up (pt up), but K+ goes down
underventing = _________
overventing = __________
acidosis
alkalosis
what is the most common scenario where you should pick the problem as metabolic alkalosis
lots of vomiting/suction
what is the most common causes of high pressure alarms
increased resistance to airflow due to kinking or obstructions
what is the most common cause of low pressure alarms
decreased resistance to airflow, check for tube disconnection
saying to remember signs and symptoms of _____kalemia
kalemias do the same as the prefixed but HR and UO do the opposite
hypo: symptoms down, HR up, polyuria
hyper: systems up, HR down, oliguria
saying to remember signs and symptoms of _____calcemias
calcemias doe the opposite of the prefix
saying to remember signs and symptoms of _____magnesemias
magnesemias do the opposite of the prefix
when the pt has hyponatremia, think of symptoms of __________
volume overload (fluid restrict them, use lasix)
when the pt has hypernatremia, think of symptoms of __________
dehydration (give them fluids)
how to lower K+
D5W and regular insulin to temporarily fix
kayexalate to long term fix
what is th earliest sign of electrolye imbalances
paresthesia (numbness and tingling)
what is the universal sign of electrolyte imbalance
paresis (muscle weakness)
