diabetes

Question 1

what is diabetes insipidus and what causes it

Answer 1

think diabetes without the involvement of glucose
polyuria, polydipsia leadint to dehydration and increased UO

caused by low ADH

Question 2

what is SIADH

Answer 2

oliguria and no thirst leading to decreased urine output

decreased UO = increased urine specific gravity
increased H2O retention = decreased serum specific gravity

caused by high ADH

Question 3

how to treat DM1

Answer 3

will DIE if you dont treat
Diet (least important)
Insulin (most important)
Exercise

Question 4

how to treat DM2

Answer 4

DOA
Diet (most important)
Oral hypoglycemic
Activity

Question 5

regular insulin (onset, peak, duration)

Answer 5

onset 1hr, peak 2hr, duration 4hr

1, 2, 4

Question 6

NPH intermediate insulin (onset, peak, duration)

Answer 6

onset 6hr, peak 8-10hr, duration 12hr

6, 8, 10, 12

Question 7

lispro insulin (onset, peak, duration)

Answer 7

onset 15min, peak 30 min, duration 3hr

15, 30, 3

Question 8

glargine insulin (onset, peak, duration)

Answer 8

no peak, duration 12-24hrs

Question 9

example question: you gave ________ insulin at _______ time, when would you check for hypoglycemia

what steps would you go through to answer this question

Answer 9

add the insulin peak time to admin time

Question 10

S/S of hypoglycemia

Answer 10

drunk pt in shock

staggering, slurred speech, decreased reaction, tachypnea, decreased BP, cold/clammy

Question 11

DKA signs

Answer 11

D: dehydration
K: ketones, kussmal breathing, increased K+
A: acidosis, acetone breath, anorexia (not eating)

Question 12

What is HB A1C, what are the levels you need to know

Answer 12

average blood sugar over the last 90 days

less then 6 = normal
above 8 = out of control
7 = borderline, evaluate