Electrolytes 2 Flashcards
What electrolytes needed for voulme and osmotic reg
Na, K , Cl
Is the one third total body water, how many liter
Extracellular fluid, 16L
Is the two third of total body water, how many liter
Intracellular fluid 24L
Electrolytes needed for production and use of ATP from glucose
Mg, PO4
This is for water reabsorption
Argenine vasopressin
In AVP what diabetes
Insipidus
Electrolytes needed for neuromuscular excitability
K, Ca, Mg
Major cation in the extracellular fluid
Na
What electrolytes needed for ATP ion pumps
Mg
Electrolytes needed for blood coagulation
Ca, Mg
Major contributor of osmolality
Na
Rv of Na
135-145 mmol/L
Threshold critical value of Na
160, 120 mmol/L
CSF sodium
136-150mmol/L
Promotes Na reabsorption in PCT
Aldosterone
Major mineral corticosteroids
Aldosterone
It blocks aldosterone and renin secretion and inhibits the action of angiotensin 2 and vasopressin
Atrial natriuretic factor
Causes urination of salt
Natriuresis
Inc sodium loss
Hyponatremia
Due to diuretics, diarrehea vomitibg, sever burns and trauma what type of hyponatremia
Depletional hyponatremia
Over hydration, CHF, cirrhosis and nephrotic syndrome
Dilutional hyponatremia
Falsely decreased level of Na caused by the presence of excess lipid in the serum
Pseudohyponatremia
Is the major defense against hyper osmolality and hypernatremia
Thirst
These are ions capable on electric charge
Electrolytes
Sodium also known as
Natrium
Major contributor pf osmolality
Sodium
Major cation extracellular fluid
Sodium
The principals osmotic particle outside of the cell
Na
Hyperaldosteronism is also called
Conn’s disease
It is usually results from excessive water loss
Hypernatremia
If urine more than 20mmol/day there is ongoing renal loss of sodium and water
Hyponatremia
Also cause loss of sodium because of the inverse relationship
K deficiency
Artifactual hyponatremia is ass with
Hyperlipidemia or hyperproteinemia
Decrease sodium is due to excess retention of water in tge collecting ducts
Actifactual hyponatremia
May cause sodium levels due to dilutional efficiency
Marked Hemolysis
Most commonly used method in hyponatremia
Ion selective electrode
Method that colorpurple or violet
Flame emission photometry
FEP consist of what elements
Li, Cs 2
Potassium is also known as
Kalium
Major intracellular cation
K
Test commonly affected in potassium by
Hemolysis
Single most important analyte in terms of abnormality being immediately life threatening
Potassium
Neuromuscular excitability, heart contraction, ICF volume and H ion conc
Potassium
Ref value of potassium
3.5-5.5 mmol/l
Threshold critical value in potassium
6.5mmol and 2.5mmol/L
Most common cause of hyperkalemia
Therapeutic Potassium administration
Plasma potassium levels may alter ECG
6-7mmol/L
Plasma level is fatal ass with cardiac arrest
10mmol/L
Hyperkalemic drugs
Catopril, spironolactone
Hyperkalemia cause high serum potassium by
Low insulin levels
Hypokalemia can lead to
Hypomagnesemia
Moves sodium and hydrogen ion into cell
Hypokalemia
Preferred over serum in hypokalemia
Heparinized plasma
