Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSALM: CLINICAL CHEMISTRY > ELECTROLYTES > Flashcards

ELECTROLYTES Flashcards

FROM MOTHER NOTES, FINAL COACHING, GFC

1
Q

major EXTRACELLULAR CATION

A

SODIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

major contributor to PLASMA OSMOLALITY

A

SODIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

essential for normal neuromuscular function and cardiac impulse conduction

A

POTASSIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

serum level maintained by GI absorption and excretion and renal absorption and excretion

A

SODIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

abnormal levels are associated with acid-base disorders

A

BICARBONATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

used to monitor px with acid-base imbalance, coagulation disorders, pathologic bone disorders, endocrine disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, muscle disorders

A

CALCIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

maintains electroneutrality and fluid balance

A

CHLORIDE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

almost found in all bone; in serum, may be bound to albumin or other plasma proteins

A

MAGNESIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

as sodium is reabsorbed, it is lost

A

HYDROGEN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

regulated by ALDOSTERONE and ADH

A

SODIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

levels often change proportionally to sodium levels

A

CHLORIDE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

helps evaluate electrolyte disorders such as hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, acid-base balance

A

CHLORIDE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

monitor pregnant px with severe toxemia in PRE-ECLAMPSIA

A

MAGNESIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MAJOR ELECTROLYTE PRESENT IN ALL BOSY FLUIDS; freely excreted by the kidneys and not stored by the body

A

POTASSIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

accounts for more than 90% OF TOTAL CO2

A

BICARBONATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PARALLEL LOSS of WATER & ELECTROLYTES

A

ISOTONIC DEHYDRATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

INFUSION OF NORMAL SALINE to px with disturbed renal function leads to ___________

A

ISOTONIC HYPERHYDRATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CHOLRIDE REABSORPTION IN THE PCT

A

PASSIVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

CHLORIDE REABSORPTION IN THE ALOH

A

ACTIVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

this results from renal insufficiency or drinking extraordinary amounts of water

A

HYPOTONIC HYDRATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

drug that stimulates SWEAT PRODUCTION

A

PILOCARPINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

MOST IMPORTANT CONTROL OF CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS

A

PTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the MOST IMPORTANT in STIMULATING WATER CONSERVATION in the kidneys

A

ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

ISE membrane in SODIUM

A

GLASS (GLASS ELECTRODE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

colorimetric method used in SODIUM

A

ALBANESE-LEIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

ISE membrane in POTASSIUM

A

VALINOMYCIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

colorimetric method used in POTASSIUM

A

LOCKHEAD-PURCELL

28
Q

electrolyte with INVERSE RELATIONSHIP WITH BICARBONATE

A

CHLORIDE

29
Q

what method uses PILOCARPINE IONTOPHORESIS to STIMULATE SWEAT PRODUCTION, with subsequent collection for sweat analysis

A

GIBSON and COOKE’S METHOD

30
Q

ion exchange membrane for CHLORIDE

A

TRI-N-OCTYLPROPYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE

“TNOPAC si CL”

31
Q

coulometric-amperometric titration method for CHLORIDE

A

COTLOVE CHLORIDOMETRY

32
Q

CHLORIDE:

MERCURIMETRIC TITRATION using mercuric nitrate and diphenylcarbazone indicator

A

SCHALES-SCHALES

33
Q

CHLORIDE:

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAY using MERCURIC ISOTHIOCYANATE

A

WHITEHORN TITRATION

34
Q

MOST COMMONLY USED DYE-BINDING METHOD for MAGNESIUM

A

CALMAGITE

35
Q

color of positive reaction in using DYE-LAKE METHOD (Titan yellow, Clayton yellow, or thiazole yellow dye) in MAGNESIUM

A

RED LAKE 😍

36
Q

the ISE for CALCIUM consists of what membrane?

A

PVC MEMBRANE

37
Q

in the dye-binding method for CALCIUM, what is added in O-CRESOLPHTHALEIN COMPLEXONE METHOD to PREVENT Mg INTERFERENCE?

A

8-HYDROXYQUINOLINE

38
Q

FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY:

SODIUM FEP color

A

YELLOW

38
Q

FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY:

POTASSIUM FEP color

A

VIOLET

39
Q

FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY:

COPPER II FEP color

A

GREEN

40
Q

FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY:

LITHIUM FEP color

A

PINK TO RED

41
Q

FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY:

STRONTIUM FEP color

A

RED

42
Q

FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY:

CALCIUM FEP color

A

ORANGE (or RED)

43
Q

FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY:

BARIUM FEP color

A

LIME GREEN

44
Q

FLAME EMISSION PHOTOMETRY:

IRON FEP color

A

GOLD

45
Q

MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS in OSMOLALITY DETERMINATION

A
  1. GLUCOSE
  2. CHLORIDE
  3. UREA
  4. SODIUM

“GCUS”

46
Q

a 1-2% INCREASE in osmolality leads to many folds increase in AVP production?

A

4 FOLDS

47
Q

MOST COMMON CAUSE of SPURIOUS K+ INCREASE

A

ORAL K+ ADMINISTRATION

48
Q

HIGHEST RISK for SPURIOUS ↑K+

A

IV CONTAMINATION

49
Q

maintains the VOLUME of ECF and CELL SIZE and SHAPE

A

SODIUM

50
Q

MAJOR ELECTROLYTE for CARDIAC MUSCLE CONTRACTION and pH REGULATION

A

POTASSIUM

51
Q

MAJOR EXTRACELLULAR ANION that acts to MAINTAIN OSMOTIC PRESSURE

A

CHLORIDE

52
Q

MAJOR COMPONENT OF THE BLOOD BUFFERING SYSTEM

A

CHLORIDE

53
Q

aids in NERVE AND MUSCLE CONTRACTION; essential for healthy bones and teeth

A

CALCIUM

54
Q

the FOURTH MOST ABUNDANT CATION IN THE BODY and the second most abundant intracellular cation

A

MAGNESIUM

55
Q

MAINTAINS ELECTRIC NEUTRALITY via interaction with sodium or carbon dioxide

A

CHLORIDE

56
Q

decreased levels lead to TETANY

A

CALCIUM

57
Q

aids in CELL GROWTH and REPAIR; energy; essential for healthy bones and teeth

A

PHOSPHORUS

58
Q

SODIUM POTASSIUM PUMP:

Na (SODIUM) OUT, K (POTASSIUM) IN

A

REPOLARIZATION

59
Q

SODIUM POTASSIUM PUMP:

Na (SODIUM) IN, K (POTASSIUM) OUT

A

DEPOLARIZATION

60
Q

MOST COMMON symptom ONLY FOUND IN HYPOKALEMIA

A

PARALYSIS

61
Q

mechanism wherein 2 SOLUTES ARE TRANSPORTED AT THE SAME TIME

A

SYMPORTER / CO-TRANSPORT

61
Q

mechanism description: ONE GOES IN, ONE GOES OUT; in Acid-Base balance, RELEASE H+, REABSORB Na & HCO3

A

ANTIPORTER

62
Q

mechanism wherein ONE GOES IN (either amino acid or H2O)

A

UNIPORTER

63
Q

level of K+ WHERE AN ABNORMALITY in ECG is noted

A

6-7 mEq/L

64
Q

name of the shift intended for ELECTRONEUTRALITY; other name for Chloride Shift

A

HAMBURGER SHIFT

PSALM: CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions