Electrolytes Flashcards
What are the components of a BMP
Where are sodium and potassium in the cells
- sodium: extracellular
- potassium: intracellular
Define osmotic activity
property of fluids based on solute particles that determines movement of water between compartments
Define osmotic pressure
force that drives movement of fluid of water between different osmotic activity (low to high osmotic pressure movement)
Define how fluid moves in hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic conditions
What is the primary hormone that regulates the amount of water in our body
ADH
What is the MC electrolyte abnormality among hospitalized patients
hyponatremia (WATER issue, not salt issue)
What things can cause hypovolemia with hyponatremia
What things can cause euvolemia with hyponatremia
What things can cause hypervolemia and hyponatremia
What can cause pseudohyponatremia (falsely low Na)
hyperglycemia - use a corrected calculation (MD Calc)
(some meds can also cause this)
Describe the presentation of hyponatremia
Describe the workup for hyponatremia
what is serum osmolality determined by
the different solutes in the plasma (measured or calculated using BMP values)
What PE findings can help determine volume status
- BP
- pulse
- skin turgor
- JVD
- edema