Electrolytes Flashcards

1
Q

Quelle est la formule de K

A

[H+] . [OH-] / [H2O]= K
ou
k1/K2 = K

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2
Q

Autoprotolyse de l’eau

A

2 H2O⇌H3O+ + OH
ou
H2O⇌H+ + OH-

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3
Q

[H3O+] et [OH-] à l’équilibre ?

A

[H3O+] = [OH-] = 10E-7 mol/L

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4
Q

produit ionique de l’eau

A

Ke= [H3O+] . [OH-] = 10E-14

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5
Q

que mesure [H3O+] ?

A

l’acidité d’une solution

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6
Q

pH= ?

A

-log (H3O+)

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7
Q

Formule de l’activité (a)

A

a = γ . Ci/Co

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8
Q

Quand γ=1, la solution est

A

En solution diluée

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9
Q

Si γ=1, alors l’activité=

A

Activité = concentration molaire

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10
Q

Concentration solution diluée?

A

[H3O+] < 10E-2mol/L

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11
Q

lorsque [H3O+] = [OH-] => Neutralité acido-basique
Alors combien vaut le pH?

A

[H3O+] = [OH-] = 10E-7 mol/L
pH = - log [H3O+]
pH = - log 10E-7
pH = 7

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12
Q

En solution aqueuse, que deviennent les molécules dissociées?

A

Des ions

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13
Q

électrolytes

A

NaCl, NaOH, HCl, acide acétique

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14
Q

non électrolytes

A

saccharose, glucose

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15
Q

qu’est-ce qu’une ionisation

A

Le + attire le - et inversement

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16
Q

Formule de α

A

nombre de molécules dissociées /
nombre total de molécules

17
Q

Electrolyte Fort

A

Molécule qui se dissocie complètement
α =1 (→)

18
Q

Electrolyte faible

A

Molécule qui se dissocie partiellement
α <1 (⇌)

19
Q

Loi de dilution d’Ostwald

A

Une molécule est d’autant
plus dissociée que la dilution
est grande (+l’état est dissocié, moins les liaisons covalentes sont probables)

20
Q

Solution diluée= molécule….
Solution non diluée= molécule..

A

Diluée=complètement dissociée
Non diluée= pas dissociée