Electrolyte Imbalances Flashcards
Hypernatremia FRIED - dehydrated reason SALT
F - flushed skin and fever (low)
R- Restless, irritable, confused
I Increased BP and fluid retention
E Edema
D Decreased urine and dry mouth
S skin flushed
A agitation
L low grade fever
T thirst
Hyponatriemia SALT LOSS
S stupor/coma
A anorexia (N/V)
L lethargy
T - tendon reflect (decreased)
L limp muscles
O othorstatic hypotension
S seizures
S stomach cramping
Hyperkalemia MURDER
M muscle cramps
U Urine abnormalities oli or polyuria
R respiratory distress - decreased/shallow
D decreased cardiac contractility - brady/hypotension
E EKG changes - irreg/heart block
R Reflexes - twitch then hyporeflexia
Hypokalemia A SIC WALT
A alkalosis
S shallow respirations
I irritablitiy
C confusion/drowsiness
W weakness and fatigue
A arrhythmias
L lethargy
T thready pulse
Hypercalcemia BACK ME
B bone pain
A arrhythmias
C cardiac arrest
K kidney stones
M muscle weakness
E excessive urination
Hypocalcemia TETANY
T - Twitching in face (Chvostek)
E - EKG changes
T- Trousseau’s sign
A- Anxiety and confusion
N - numbness (paresthesia)
Y - Laryngeal spasms (stridor)
