electrolysis Flashcards
what is the flow of electrons in the electrodes
anode to cathode
OIL RIG
oxidation is loss , reduction is gain
name the equipment used in electrolysis
1.beaker
2. electrolye
3. elecctrodes
4. a wire
5. a battery
what is electrolyte
a substance that contains ionic compounds
can electrolyte be soluble or insouble
it can be both
what do you do if the electrolyte is insoluble
melt into molten liquid
why do you have to melt the electrolyte into molten liquid if it is insolunle
so ions can move freely in liquids
what do you do if the electrolye is soluble
dissolve it in water
how many electrodes are there
2
what are the names of the electrodes
anode(positive) cathode (negative)
PANIC
positive anode, negative is cathode
what are the electroddes made out of
inert carbon or metal
what does inert measn
doesn’t take place in the reaction/ unreactive
what does the wire do
attaches to two electrodes, transports the flow of electrons
what does the battery do
drive the flow of electrons
what happens at the cathode during electrolysis
cations(positive ions) will be discharged to form a neutral particle
what happens at the anode
anions(negative ions) willl ne discharged to form a neural particle
what is a postivey charged ion
cation
what is a negatively charged ion
anion
what is electrolysis
sepearating iojnic compounds into their pure element by passing electric current through electrolyte
what does an electric current sent by the battery do
sepearrate the iwo compounds
what do the electrodes do
conduct electrons as they pass through
how many ways are there to extract metals from their oress
- reduction with carbon
- electrolysis
when is reduction by carbon only used
if the metals are below carbon in the reactivity series
when is electrlysis used
if metals are above carbon
before you use electrolyisis the electrolyte you are using must be molten, what are the steps to achieve this
- purify it
- mix it with cryolite - lowers meltung point
- melt it
why is reduction with carbon used more than electrolysis
reducation by carbon is a cheaper and easierr way whereas electrolysis is more expensive because a lot of energy is used
what are examples of group 7 elements
florine, chlorine, bromine
what is the rule for metals at the catthode
if the metal is above hydrogen in the reactivity series, hydrogen will be displaced. if the metal is below hydrogen the metal will be displaced
what is the rule for metals at the anode
if a group 7 element is present then group 7 will be displaced. if they aren;t present hydroxide ions will be dipslaced
water ions split up, so there is hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions, in what kind of solution
in aqueous solutions
