Electrolyic Processes

Question 1

What allows ionic compounds to conduct electricity

Answer 1

When it’s solid, it doesn’t conduct but when it’s liquid, molten or dissolved in water, so ions and electrons can move freely

Question 2

What are anions attracted to and there charge properties

Answer 2

Anions are negative ions that are attracted to the positive anode

Question 3

What are cations and charge properties

Answer 3

Positive ions that are attracted to to negative cathode

Question 4

Which is the positive ion, metal or non metal

Answer 4

Metal is positive, non metal is negative

Question 5

What is reduction

Answer 5

When a positive ion gains an electron

Question 6

What is oxidation

Answer 6

When a negative ion loses an electron

Question 7

What happens in the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride

Answer 7

Sodium ions Na+ are attracted to cathode and gain electrons, reduction, and become solid sodium atoms
Chlorine ions Cl- attracted to the anode and lose electrons to become chlorine gas

Question 8

Half equation for molten electrolysis of sodium chloride

Answer 8

2Na+ + 2e- –> 2Na

2Cl —> Cl2 + 2e-

Question 9

What does inert mean

Answer 9

Non réactive

Question 10

Name a good material for an electrode and why

Answer 10

Carbon in graphite form as its conductive and inert

Question 11

What factors effect the electrolysis reaction

Answer 11

Concentration, distance between electrodes, currant

Question 12

How can impure copper be obtained

Answer 12

By smelting the copper ore with carbon to extract it

Question 13

How can pure copper be obtained

Answer 13

Through electrolysis
Electrolyte is a solution with Cu2+ ions such as copper sulphate, anode is impure copper, cathode is pure copper. Copper on anode lose electrons and become cations, transfer onto the pure copper anode to form pure copper. Impurities on impure anode fall to bottom as sludge, which is collected as it may have valuable materials such as gold and silver

Question 14

What is electroplating and why is it donee

Answer 14

A process in which a thin layer of metal is deposited onto the cathode to make it look nice or to strengthen it

Question 15

What is the set up for electroplating

Answer 15

Cathode is object to be plated and anode is pure plating metal. Electrolyte is a solution containing the ions of the plating metal. Positive metal ions are deposited and reduced onto the cathode

Question 16

What are the uses of  electroplating layers of these metals
Silver
Gold
Chromium
Tin 
Zinc

Answer 16

Silver, cutlery and sports trophies
Gold, jewellery and plating conductors
Chromium, wheel rims, jewellery
Tin, steel food cans
Zinc, iron nails, steel railings to make it less corrosive prone