Electrochemical gradients Flashcards
How does diffusion effect entropy?
increases it
what type of transport do carriers facilitate?
passive
what type of transport do pumps facilitate?
active
Why do ions spread out in liquid?
molecules in liquid are under constant motion due to thermal agitation
What’s Fick’s law?
the number of particles moving across an interface is proportional to the area of the interface and concentration gradient
What did einstein find about diffusion?
it’s the random ‘walk’ of molecules
how far a molecule moves depends on how many dimensions they are moving in- furthest in 3D, then 2D then least in 1D
why do molecules move the furthest in 3D?
they have less chance of bumping into eachother
what is electrophoretic movement?
the movement of ions under the influence of an electric field (affects diffusion)
what is total gradient?
gradient caused by diffusion- gradient caused by electrophoretic movement
what is the rate of ions moving through ion channels affected by? (4)
- size of electrochemical gradient
- nature of the ion
- number of ion channels
- properties of the ion channel
what is current?
the flow of ions
what is needed for ion flow?
potential difference
