Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

M2 Cardiovascular > Electrocardiograms - Berger > Flashcards

Electrocardiograms - Berger Flashcards

1
Q

Leads: left (I), right (aVF)

Estimate the electrical axis. Is it normal?

A

Leads I and aVF equally positive. The axis will be midway between 0° and 90°.

~40-50 degrees

Normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Leads: left (I), right (aVF)

Estimate the electrical axis. Is it normal?

A

Leads I and aVF both positive. Lead I more positive than aVF. The axis will therefore be oriented more toward 0°.

~20-40 degrees

normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Leads: left (I), right (aVF)

Estimate the electrical axis. Is it normal?

A

Lead I positive. Lead aVF almost equiphasic. Therefore, the axis will be approaching 0°. (Note: when a lead is equiphasic, the axis will be 90° to that lead.)

~0 degrees

normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Leads: left (I), right (aVF)

Estimate the electrical axis. Is it normal?

A

Lead I positive. Lead aVF negative.The axis will be oriented negatively past 0°.

~-30 degrees

left axis deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Leads: left (I), right (aVF)

Estimate the electrical axis. Is it normal?

A

Lead I negative. Lead aVF positive. The axis will be oriented positively past 90°.

~120 degrees

right axis deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Leads: left (I), right (aVF)

Estimate the electrical axis. Is it normal?

A

Both leads I and aVF negative. The axis will be oriented between -90° and -180°.

~-135 degrees

indeterminate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Estimate the heart rate

A

~79bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe some characteristics of a normal ECG

A
  • every P followed by a QRS
  • upright P in I, II, III
  • PR interval between 0.12s and 0.2s
  • HR 60-100bpm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the standard time scale on an ECG?

A

0.2s per major grid line (5mm), or 0.04s per minor grid line (1mm) -> overall 25mm/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ST elevations and Q waves seen in which leads indicate an inferior wall problem?

A

II, III, aVF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ST elevations and Q waves seen in which leads indicate an lateral wall problem?

A

V5, V6, I, aVL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ST elevations and Q waves seen in which leads indicate an anterior wall problem?

A

V2, V4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do you calculate corrected QT interval (QTc)?

A

measured QT / sqrt(RR interval)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give the normal values for the following:

  1. PR
  2. QRS
  3. QTc
A
  1. PR: 0.12s to 0.2s
  2. QRS: < 0.1s
  3. QTc: < 0.44s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What range of mean QRS axis angles corresponds to:

  1. Normal?
  2. Left axis deviation?
  3. Right axis deviation?
A
  1. -30 to 90
  2. -30 to -180
  3. 90 to 180
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Estimate the mean QRS axis

A

~-10

17
Q

Describe the V1 and V6 findings in left ventricular hypertophy (LVH)

A

See image

18
Q

Describe the V1 and V6 findings seen in right ventricular hypertophy (RVH)

A

See image

19
Q

Identify

A

Left ventricular hypertophy (LVH)

(S in V1 > 24 mm, R in aVL > 13 mm) with strain pattern (ST segment depression and asymmetric T-wave inversions in leads I, aVL, V5, and V6 consistent with repolarization abnormality)

20
Q

Identify

A

RVH

1) a tall R wave in V1 (as part of the qR complex), (2) right axis deviation, (3) T wave inversion in V1 through V3 , (4) delayed precordial transition zone (rS in V6 ), and (5) right atrial abnormality. An S1 Q3 pattern is also present and can occur with acute or chronic right ventricular overload syndromes.

21
Q

Complete the table:

A
22
Q

What type of MI shows a ST depression?

A

NSTEMI

23
Q

What type of MI shows a ST elevation?

A

STEMI

24
Q

Identify

Where is the lesion located?

A

STEMI (ST elevation)

Proximal LAD

25
Q

Identify.

Where is the lesion located?

A

STEMI

Acute right ventricular infarction (inferior wall)

26
Q

Identify

A

Subendocardial ischemia

27
Q

Pathologic Q waves are evidence of what?

A

infarcted tissue (because necrotic tissue does not generate electrical forces)

28
Q

Identify the condition associated with each T-wave abnormality shown here (A-F)

A
  • A: normal
  • B: subendocardial ischemia
  • C: hyperkalemia
  • D: hypercalcemia
  • E: hypocalcemia
  • F: subepicardial ischemia
29
Q

Name the condition associated with each of the following ST-T changes (A-G)

A
  • A: normal
  • B: early repolarization
  • C: epicardial injury
  • D: subendocardial injury
  • E: digitalis
  • F: hypokalemia, quinidine, cerebral hemorrhage
  • G: strain

M2 Cardiovascular (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions