Electricity Unit Test Review

Question 1

List the three subatomic particles, their charges and their location in the atom.

Answer 1

Proton- Nucleus
Neutron- Nucleus
Electron- energy shell

Question 2

Which of the subatomic particles can move from one atom to another?

Answer 2

Electron

Question 3

What does it mean if an object is electrically neutral? Positively charged? Negatively charged?

Answer 3

Electrically neutral- equal protons and electrons.
Positively charged- more protons than electrons.
Negatively charged- more electrons than protons.

Question 4

State the law of electric charges.

Answer 4

Oppositely charged objects attract each other ((neg+pos)(pos+neg)).
Like charged objects repel each other ((neg-neg)(pos-pos)).
Neutrally charged objects attract both pos and neg.

Question 5

Define static electricity

Answer 5

An electric charge that tends to stay in the surface of an object rather than flowing away quickly.

Question 6

Describe the method of charging by friction.

Answer 6

Two neutral objects are rubbed together. One object loses electrons (becomes positively charged), the other object gains electrons (becomes negatively charged).

Question 7

What is the electrostatic series chart?

Answer 7

A list of materials that have been arranged according to their ability to hold on to electrons.

Question 8

Explain the difference between an insulator and a conductor? List 2 examples of each.

Answer 8

An insulator is a material in which electrons can move easily between atoms. Non-Metals (woods, rubber, plastic)
A conductor is a metal in which electrons can move fairly well between atoms. Metals (copper, silver, aluminum)

Question 9

Define grounding

Answer 9

An object that can neutralize a charged object.
Supplies a large number of electrons to the charged object or removes a large number of electrons from the object.

Question 10

Define current electricity

Answer 10

An electric charge that flows quickly through a conductor in a closed pathway.

Question 11

List energy source function and example.

Answer 11

Function-provides energy for electrons to move through the circuit
Example- cell/battery

Question 12

List electrical load function and example.

Answer 12

Function- converts electrical energy to another form (ex.heat,light)
Example- light bulb, toaster, T.V

Question 13

List the control device function and example.

Answer 13

Function- allows or stops the flow of electrons
Example-light switch, dimmer switch, timer

Question 14

List connectors function and example.

Answer 14

Function- provides a path for electrons to flow
Example- conducting wire

Question 15

Explain the difference between an open(incomplete) circuit and a closed (complete) circuit.

Answer 15

An open circuit means the flow of electricity has stopped.
A closed switch means the flow of electricity is flowing.

Question 16

Explain the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit.

Answer 16

Series circuit- Electrons only travels along 1 path. If one device stops working, the rest will all go off.
Parallel circuit- it has two or more paths for the electricity to flow.

Question 17

Define electric current. What device is used to measure electric current? How is it connected to an electric circuit?

Answer 17

Electric current is an electric charge that flows quickly through a conductor in a closed pathway.
The Ammeter is used to measure electric current.
The Ammeter is connected in series.

Question 18

Define potential difference (voltage)? What device is used to measure potential difference. How is it connected to an electric circuit?

Answer 18

Potential difference is the difference between the electric potential energy, per unit charge, at two points in a circuit.
A Voltmeter is used to measure potential difference.
A Voltmeter is connected in parallel.

Question 19

Define resistance. What device is used to measure resistance? How is it connected to an electric circuit?

Answer 19

Resistance is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit.
A resistor is used to measure resistance.
A resistor is connected in series.