Electricity & Electrical Safety Flashcards
Case study- NO.1; Notes
Metal hairpins or wires should never be used to clean or otherwise poke any part of an electrical appliance – not even the lint screen.
Tools with a three-plug have a grounding pin, which is designed to guarantee a safe path for electricity and protection from electric shock to the user.
Estheticians often use advanced electrical and light therapy machines for various skin treatments.
Wearing shoes with a rubber sole will help to keep one safe from electrical shocks or accidents.
A basic understanding of electricity and electrical safety will enable one to properly use and care for her tools and equipment.
Contraindication
A condition that requires avoiding certain treatments, procedures, or products to prevent undesirable side effects.
Direct Current *DC
Constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only and is produced by chemical means.
Polarity
Positive or negative poles of an electric current.
Active Electrode
Electrode of an electrotherapy device that is used on the area to be treated.
Watt *W
Unit that measures how much electric energy is being used in one second.
Cathode
Negative electrode of an electrotherapy device; the cathode is usually black and is marked with an N or a minus (-) sign.
Anaphoresis
Process of infusing an alkaline (negative) product into the tissues from the negative pole toward the positive pole.
Conductor
Any material that conducts electricity.
Milliampere *mA
1.1,000 of an ampere
Alternating Current *AC
Rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction; produced by mechanical means and changes directions 60 times per second.
Volt * V
Also known as voltage; unit that measures the pressures or force that pushes electric current forward through a conductor.
Light therapy
Also known as phototherapy; the application of light rays to the skin for the treatment of wrinkles capillaries, pigmentation, or hair removal.
Complete Electric Circuit
The path of negative and positive electric currents moving from the generating source through the conductors and back to the generating source.
Iontophoresis
Process of infusing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current, such as the use of the positive and negative poles of a galvanic machine.
Inactive Electrode
Opposite pole from the active electrode.
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Electromagnetic spectrum of radiation; name given to all of the forms of energy (or radiation) that exist.
Circuit breaker
Switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload.
Waveform
Measurement of the distance between two wavelengths.
Tesla high-frequency current
Also known as violet ray; thermal or heat -producing current with a high rate oscillation or vibration that is commonly used for scalp and facial treatments.
Invisible light
Light at either end of the visible spectrum of light that is invisible to the naked eye.
Inverter
Apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current.
Electrotherapy
Use of electrical currents to treat the skin.
Visible light
The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be seen; visible light males up only 35 percent of natural sunlight.
Galvanic Current
Constant and direct current, having a positive and negative pole, that produces chemical changes when it passes through the tissues and fluids of the body.
Modalities
Currents used in electrical facial and scalp treatments.
Catalysts
Substances that speed up chemical reactions.
Infrared light
Invisible light with longer wavelengths, deeper penetration, less energy and more heat production than visible light; makes up 60 percent of natural sunlight.
Rectifier
Apparatus that changes alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).
Wavelength
Distance between successive peaks of electromagnetic waves.
Ultraviolet light *UV
Also known as cold light or actinic light; invisible light that has a short wavelength (giving it higher energy), is less penetrating that visible light, causes chemical reactions to happen more quickly than visible light, produces less heat than visible light, and kills germs.
Ohm *O
Unit that measures the resistance of an electric current.
Kilowatt *kw
1,000 watts
Nonconductor
Also known as insulator; a material that does not transmit electricity.
Grounding
Completes un electric circuit and carries the current safely away.
Ground fault interrupter
Protects from electrical shock by interrupting a household circuit when there is a leak in the circuit.
Cataphoresis
Process of fusing an acidic (positive) product into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive pole toward the negative pole.
Electric current
Flow of electricity along a conductor
Microcurrent
An extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body’s natural electrical impulses.
Ampere *A
Also known as amp (AMP); unit that measures the strength of an electric current.
Electricity
The movement of electrons from one atom to another along a conductor.
Desincrustation
A form of anaphoresis; process used to soften and emulsify grease deposits (oil) and blackheads in the hair follicles.
Fuse
Prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit.
Anode
Positive electrode of an electrotherapy device; the anode is usually red and is marked with a P or a plus (+) sign.
Electrode
Also known as probe; applicator for directing electric current from an electrotherapy device to the clients skin.
Beauty professionals should study and have a thorough understanding of electricity because…..
Beauty professionals rely upon a variety of electrical appliances; knowledge on electricity and safety will allow professionals to use their tools wisely and safely.
A basic understanding of electricity will enable them to properly use and care for their equipment and tools.
Electricity use impacts other aspects, such as lighting and the temperature of heating tools.
Advanced electrical and light therapy machines require a foundational understanding of electrical theory to be operated safely and effectively.
DC Properties
AC Properties
DC -
Constant, even flow
Travels in one direction
Produced by chemical means
AC -
Rapid and interrupted flow
Travels in two directions
Produced by mechanical means
Electricity
Travels through conductors like a wire, water, or you
Protected by insulators
Moves through circular circuit grounding keeps you safe
Safety devices
If excessive current passes through a circuit or a fuse, the circuit breaker turns off the circuit to prevent overheating.
Underwriters Laboratories
(UL) certifies the safety of electrical appliances.
Safety Use for Electrical Equipment
- All the electrical appliances you use should be UL certified
- Read all instructions carefully before use
- Always register electrical appliances with the manufacturer
- Disconnect all electrical appliances prior to cleaning
- Never poke hairpins or wires through any part of an appliance + lint screens
- Disconnect all appliances when not in use
- Inspect all electrical equipment regularly
- Keep all wires, plugs and electrical equipment in good repair
- Use only one plug in each outlet
- Avoid contact, for both you and your client, with water and metal surfaces when using electricity + do not handle electrical equipment with wet hands or while standing on a wet floor
- Keep electrical cords off the floor and away from everyone’s feet
- Do not leave your client unattended while the client is connected to an electrical device
- Do not allow electrical cords to become twisted
What to do in an Electrical Emergency
Light Shock Sensation;
Stop using appliances immediately + turn completely off
Unplug it from wall or turn off circuit breaker to the outlet
Replace appliance or have it repaired
If similar issues w/ other appliances, discontinue use of that outlet
Micro current
Extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body’s electrical impulses
Negative and positive polarity on one probe
Current treat only one specific area, does not travel through the body
Galvanic Current
Produces chemical changes through iontophoresis
Constant and direct current using a positive and negative probe
Named after an Italian doctor
Tesla high-frequency current
Named after a croatian electrical engineer
Used in electrode made of glass or metal
Thermal or heat-producción current with a high rate of oscillation
