Electricity Flashcards
Electricity
Charging by contact
The process of transferring charge by touching or rubbing
Electricity
Charging by induction
The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby charged object
Electricity
Circuit
A closed path that electric current follows
Electricity
Conductor
A material in which electrons are able to move easily.
Electricity
Electric current
The net movement of electric charges in a single direction
Electricity
Insulator
A material in which electrons are not able to move easily
Electricity
Law of Conservation of charge
Charge can be transferred from object to object, but cannot be created or destroyed
Electricity
Ohm’s law
The current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance
Electricity
Parallel circuit
Contains two or more branches for current to move through
Electricity
Resistance
The tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons
Electricity
Series circuit
The current has only one loop to flow through
Electricity
Static electricity
The accumulation of excess electric charges on an object
Electricity
Voltage difference
Is relating to the force that causes electric charges to flow
A material in which the electrons on each atom are held onto very tightly by the nucleus.
Insulator
A material in which the nucleus only loosely holds onto the electrons on the surface of the atom.
Conductor.
Ohm’s Law
V = IR
(often written I = V/R)
The three particles that make up atoms.
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
The charge on a proton.
+1
The charge on an electron.
-1
The charge on a neutron
0
What are the whitish particles?
Electrons
What are the blue and red particles
Protons and Neutrons
What are the blue and red particles deep down in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
What are the little grey particles?
Electrons
What are color are the neutrons?
Green
What are the orange particles, and what is their charge?
They are neutrons
The have no charge.
What are the yellow particles?
Protons
What are color are the protons?
Red
What are color are the electrons?
Blue
Electrical Current is measured in
Amperes (amps)
An ampere is equal to
1 coulomb of charge per second
Ampere = Coulombs/Second
These batteries are hooked up in _____________.
These batteries are hooked up in parallel.
These batteries are hooked up in _____________.
These batteries are hooked up in Series.
These bulbs are hooked up in _____________.
These bulbs are hooked up in series.
These bulbs are hooked up in _____________.
These bulbs are hooked up in series.
A battery is a device that converts
___________ to ___________.
A battery is a device that converts
chemical potential energy to electrical energy.
Something that opposes the flow of electricity in a circuit.
Resistor
(could be a lightbulb, a very thin wire, a home appliance like a toaster or dishwasher)
Electrical Potential Difference is also known as….
Voltage
(Voltage is measured in Joules/Coulumb)
Which particles typically flow in a circuit?
(Electrons, protons, or neutrons)
Electrons
(they are on the outside edges of the atoms, and can jump from atom to atom if they are not held too tightly by the nucleus.)
A method of charging an object where you scare the electons away, leaving a positive area behind.
Charging by Induction
A method of charging an object where pull electrons to the surface, making the surface negativily charged.
Charging by Induction
Opposite charges _____________.
Attract
Like charges ______________
Repel
One Joule per coulomb is known as
One Volt
In Ohms Law, current is directly proportional to ______
Voltage
In Ohm’s Law, current is inversely proportional to ______.
Resistance
If I the current in a circuit has double while the resistance remains the same, what happened to the voltage?
It doubles. Voltage and current are directly proportional.
If the resistance of a circuit is doubled while the voltage remains the same, what happens to the current?
Cut in half. Current and resistance are inversely proportional
If I the voltage in a circuit is doubled while the resistance remains the same, what happens to the current?
It doubles. Voltage and current are directly proportional.
If the current of a circuit is doubled while the voltage remains the same, what happened to the resistance?
Cut in half. Current and resistance are inversely proportional
