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Wenger - Physical Science > Constant motion > Flashcards

Constant motion Flashcards

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1
Q

Position

A

The location of an object in relation to some “reference point”

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2
Q

Reference Point

A

A point or exact location that can be used to help describe the location of some other point or object.

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3
Q

If you say a ball is 30 feet up, what would typically be your reference point.

A

The ground below the ball.

(The ball would be 30 feet away from the reference point or ground in this case)

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4
Q

Speed

A

How fast an object is traveling. Distance the object travels in a unit of time.

(Direction is not important)

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5
Q

The location of an object in relation to some “reference point”

A

Position

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6
Q

A point or exact location that can be used to help describe the location of some other point or object.

A

Reference Point

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7
Q

How fast an object is traveling.

(Direction is not important)

A

Speed

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8
Q

Velocity

A

The speed and direction an object is travelling.

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9
Q

Vector

A

A quantity that has both magnitude and direction.

Example:

Forces are vectors because if you push or pull on something, there is a magnitude (size) of your push, and there is always a direction of your push.

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10
Q

Magnitude

A

How big something is.

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11
Q

Scaler

A

A quantity that has a magnitude (size) but no direction.

Examples:

Temperature. 78 degrees tells you how “big” the temperature is, but there is no direction to 78 degrees.

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12
Q

Is “speed” a scaler or a vector?

A

It is a scaler. Speed has a magnitude (size) but no direction.

Example: 50 mph.

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13
Q

Is velocity a vector or a scaler?

A

Velocity is a vector.

It has both magnitude (size) AND direction.

Example:

Her velocity was 30 mph north.

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14
Q

A quantity that has both magnitude and direction is called a _______________.

Example:

Forces are ________ because if you push or pull on something, there is a magnitude (size) of your push, and there is always a direction of your push.

A

Vector

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15
Q

How big something is.

A

Magnitude

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16
Q

A quantity that has a magnitude (size) but no direction.

Examples:

Temperature. 78 degrees tells you how “big” the temperature is, but there is no direction to 78 degrees.

A

Scaler

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17
Q

Reference object

A

An object that can be used as a reference for both position and for velocity.

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18
Q

In order to describe the position of an object, you must always refer to a ___________ _____________.

A

Reference Point

(or reference object)

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19
Q

In order to describe the velocity of an object, you must always refer to a ___________ _____________.

A

reference object

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20
Q

When you describe the velocity of a car, your typical reference object would be what?

A

The surface of the road beneath the car.

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21
Q

Linear Motion

A

Motion along a line

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22
Q

In motion along a line, what is the difference between the following two “velocities?”

17 m/s

-17 m/s

A

The objects are traveling at the same speed, but in opposite directions.

In linear motion, we can use plus and minus to represent different directions.

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23
Q

In linear motion, how will we show the direction an object is travelling?

A

With a “+” sign or a “-“ sign.

The plus would mean one direction, and the minus would mean in the exact opposite direction.

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24
Q

Position/Time graph

A

A motion graph with “time” on the horizontal axis and “position” on the vertical axis.

This graph shows the motion of 4 objects.

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25
Q

Which object is not moving?

A

C

(did you remember to look at the axes?)

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26
Q

Which object is moving the fastest?

A

A

The steepest line on a position/time graph represent the fastest moving object.

(A is moving the opposite direction from B and D)

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27
Q

Velocity/Time graph

A

A motion graph with time on the horizontal axis and velocity on the vertical axis.

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28
Q

Look carefully at the following graph. Does this show and object that is moving or standing still.

A

This shows an object that is moving at a very steady speed.

(Make sure you understand why)

(Did you remember to look at the labels on the axes?)

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34
Q

What is meant by the acronym:

A.U.T.O.graph

A

When we look at graphs, we will always think about:

A - the axes

U - the units

T - the trace

O - the origin

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35
Q

When we refer to the “trace” on a graph, we are talking about …

A

The best fit line or curve on the graph.

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36
Q

v

A

the symbol for velocity

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37
Q

d

A

the symbol for distance

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38
Q

P

A

the symbol for position

(X marks the spot)

39
Q

t

A

The symbol for time

40
Q

Subscript

A

A letter written smaller and below the rest of the writing.

<span>v</span>t

Here the “ t “ is subscripted

41
Q

the symbol for velocity

A

v

42
Q

the symbol for distance

A

d

43
Q

the symbol for position

A

P

44
Q

The symbol for time

A

t

45
Q

A letter written smaller and below the rest of the writing.

<span>v</span>t

Here the “ t “ is subscripted

A

Subscript

46
Q

Kinematics

A

The study of motion

47
Q

Constant Speed

A

Not speeding up or slowing down

48
Q

The study of motion

A

Kinematics

49
Q

Instantaneous Speed

A

How fast an object is going at an instant in time. It is what is shown on the speedometer of a car.

50
Q

Average Speed

A

A single speed that can be used to represent an object’s speed during a period of time, even if the object is changing speeds.

51
Q

Slope

A

The angle of a line on a graph

52
Q

How fast an object is going at an instant in time. It is what is shown on the speedometer of a car.

A

Instantaneous Speed

53
Q

A single speed that can be used to represent an object’s speed during a period of time, even if the object is changing speeds.

A

Average Speed

54
Q

This is called a

A

Motion Map

55
Q

The angle of a line on a graph

A

Slope

56
Q

The formula for calculating the slope of a line.

A

Slope = rise/run

57
Q

Slope = rise/run

A

The formula for calculating the slope of a line.

59
Q

Displacement

A

How far you are from where you started, and in what direction.

60
Q

Distance

A

How far you have travelled.

75
Q

What is the formula for finding

Average Speed

A
76
Q

What quantity is this device used to measure?

A

Time

77
Q

What quantity is this device used to measure?

A

Volume

78
Q

What quantity is this device used to measure?

A

Length

79
Q

What quantity is this device used to measure?

A

Mass

(Note, mass is different than weight)

Scales measure weight

Balances measure mass

83
Q

True or false.

This object is moving at a constant speed.

A

False

( I guess zero is a constant speed, but it is not really moving, is it. It just stays at a position of 8 meters from the reference point)

84
Q

In linear motion, the difference between

-55 mph

and

+55 mph

is?

A

Direction only

85
Q

In linear motion, the “+” and the “-“ symbols are used to show what?

A

Direction

86
Q

Which object is moving faster?

A car going +10 mph

A moped going - 10 mph

A

Neither.

They are both going the same speed, but in different directions.

87
Q

You walk all the way around a typical high school track. Its about 400 meters.

Your Distance = ___________

Your Displacement = _____________

A

Your Distance = ___\_400-m______\_

Your Displacement = ___\__0-m\________

Distance is how far you travel.

Displacement is how far you end up from the starting point.

88
Q

You are about to go outside to take measurements necessary to calculate your top running speed. What measurements would you need to take.

A

Distance

and

Time

(because S = d/t )

94
Q

When we make a motion graph, what variable will ALWAYS be on the horizontal axis?

A

Time

(Even if time is the dependent variable, we will always put it on the horizontal axis in motion graphs.)

95
Q

Is displacement a vector or a scalar?

A

Displacement is a vector. It has both magnitude and a direction.

96
Q

Is the following a description of a distance or a displacement?

He travelled 20 miles North.

A

Displacement

(Magnitude = 20 miles)

(Direction = North)

97
Q

Is the following a description of a distance or a displacement?

He traveled 30 meters.

A

Distance

It has no direction, so it cannot be a displacement.

99
Q

30 meters is a distance, so its a scalar quantity.

If you add a direction so it reads

30 meters north, then it becomes

_______________ which is a ______________

A

If you add a direction so it reads

30 meters north, then it becomes

displacement which is a vector.

100
Q

Time

Vector Quantity or not?

A

Not

3 seconds does not have a direction.

No direction, not a vector.

101
Q

Distance

Vector Quantity or not?

A

Not

25 meters does not have a direction.

No direction, not a vector.

102
Q

Temperature

Vector Quantity or not?

A

Not

37 degrees does not have a direction.

No direction, not a vector.

103
Q

Speed

Vector Quantity or not?

A

Not

50 mph does not have a direction.

No direction, not a vector.

104
Q

Velocity

Vector Quantity or not?

A

Vector Quantity

50 mph - North has both magnitude (50) and direction (North).

So, its a vector or vector quantity.

105
Q

The definition of “Displacement” is “how far you are from the reference point and in what direction.”

Displacement can also often be thought of as:

A

How far you are from where you started. (and in what direction)

106
Q

“Uniform Linear Motion”

is just a physicsy way of saying….

A

“Moving in a straight line at a steady speed.”

111
Q

Object “A” has a velocity of -5m/s.

Object “B” has a velocity of -3m/s.

Object “C” has a velocity of 0 m/s.

Which object is moving the fastest?

A

Object A is moving the fastest.

(Both objects are moving in the negative direction. Object “A” is moving at 5m/s, object “B” is only moving at 3m/s. Object “C” isn’t even moving, so it is pretty much going the slowest.)

112
Q

Which of the following velocities represents the object travelling most slowly.

Car 1 is traveling at -40 mph

Car 2 is traveling at 0 mph

Car 3 is traveling at +20 mph.

A

Car 2 is traveling most slowly. (It is not even moving)

(Car “1” is traveling the fastest, even if it is moving in the negative direction)

113
Q
A

Wenger - Physical Science (17 decks)

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