Electricity Flashcards
Electric Charge:
Property causing force on charged particles.
Neutral Object:
Equal protons & electrons.
Negatively Charged:
More electrons than protons.
Positively Charged:
More protons than electrons.
Static Electricity:
Build-up of electric charge.
Induced Charge Separation:
the process of creating an imbalance of charge in a neutral object by bringing a charged object close to it
Conductor:
Material allowing current (e.g., copper).
Insulator:
Material preventing current (e.g., rubber).
Electric Discharge:
Flow of charge (e.g., spark).
Voltage (V):
Potential difference between two points.
Current (I):
Flow of charge.
Resistance (R):
Opposition to the flow of current.
Ammeter:
Measures current (in series).
Voltmeter:
Measures voltage (in parallel).
Ohm’s Law:
V=I×R
Total Resistance (Series):
R
total
=R
1
+R
2
+R
3
Ohmmeter:
Measures resistance.
Voltmeter:
Measures voltage in parallel.
Ammeter:
Measures current in series.
Friction:
Rubbing objects transfers electrons (e.g., balloon on hair).
Induction:
Charging without contact (near a charged object).
Conduction:
Direct transfer by contact.
Series Circuit:
Same current throughout.
Voltage adds up.
Resistance adds up.
Parallel Circuit:
Same voltage across all branches.
Current divides across branches.
Resistance decreases.
Electron Movement:
Electrons flow from negative to positive.
Charge Types:
Positive = more protons.
Negative = more electrons.
Neutral = equal protons and electrons.
Law of Electric Charges:
Opposites attract, likes repel.
Atom Structure:
Electron:
Negative, moves in circuits.
Proton: Positive, in nucleus.
Neutron: Neutral, in nucleus.
