Electricity Flashcards
When there is a surplus of electrons on an object, we can expect the charge of the object to be positive/negative.
negative
When there is a deficiency of electrons on an object, we can expect the charge of the object to be positive/negative.
positive
Maya’s shoe rubs against a wool carpet. The shoe becomes positively charged. Explain how this happens.
The shoe beomes positively charged, because rubbing the shoe against the wool carpet will cause electrons to transfer between each other. Maya’s shoes loses lectrons becasue wool is an insulator (electrons will not flow freely between/in these kinds of material.) Therefore the shoe loses electrons but dosen’t gain any. There will be an imbalance of electrons and result in positive/neagative charge. There will be more protons than electrons, causing the shoe to be positively sharged.
Maya’s shoes (which is positively charged) repels a balloon. Explain what sort of charge the balloon has.
Because Maya’s shoes are positively charged, under the law of physics opposite charges repel each other. The balloon will be consequently negatively charged due to this law of physics, assuming that there are no external factors influencing the balloon’s movement.
What are the four types of energy that can be created by electricity?
Heat, light, sound, movement/kenitic.
Define “electric current”
the flow of electrons through a point. of a conductive medium / circuit per second.
A wire is connected to a toaster. State wich ways we can make the toaster hotter.
To make the toaster hotter, we have to adjust the length and width of the wire to enable the maximum energy output.
- We can make the wire shorter to decrease the total distance the electrons has to travel. This means that the electrons will lose less energy and bring more into the toaster, consequently making it hotter.
- We can also increase the width/radius of the wire to increase the space of the space that the electrons have to travel through. This means that instead of being tightly packed together and losing energy, the electrons will have more space to move about and lose less energy, increasing the size of the energy flow, therefore more energy is brought to the toaster, making it hotter.
Which type of wiring arrangement uses the most energy? (parallel or series circuit) Explain why.
Parallel circuit uses the most energy because the two lamps are connected in parallel, which means that they require twice the energy light up, because the cell in sending the equal amount of energy as it would for a single lightbulb, so the cell will be used twice as fast.
Are voltmeters (v) connected parallel or in a series to measure a lightbulb?
Parallel
State the ohm’s law.
current = voltage/resistance
I = V/R
What function does a resistor play in a circut?
It acts like a speed bump to control the electrons’s speed — it slows them down.
State the difference between static electricity and current electricity
Static electricity is when electrons jump to one surface to another, making each object charged. (e.g. when you rub a insulator with another insulator)
Current electricity is when electrons move through a conductor to produce an electrical current.
What main component is required to form a complete electrical current?
There has to be a closed circut with no gaps for the electrons to successfully travel between one another so a complete circuit can be formed.
What is the difference of a voltmeter and an ameter?
A voltmeter measure the amount of energy given to electrons in a battery, while the anmeter measures the number of electrons folwing around the circut per second.
Four lamps are connected to two cells to create two seperate circuits. One of them is in a series, one in parallel. Which of the circuits will cause the lamps to shine the brightest?
The parallel will have the brighter of the two lamps because the cell will need to provide double the energy to power both lamps at the same high brightness, while in a series circuit the lamps are have share the energy from a cell that was only intended for one lamp, who they will have half the brightness that the parallel circuits have.
