Acids and Bases Flashcards
What is the electron arrangement cap for each electron layer?
2,8,8,-
Na loses 1 electron to gain a full outer valence shell. What charge does this Sodium ion have now?
Positive, Na^+
The ion Lithium (Li^+) has a positive charge. What is the name of it’s ion?
Cation
The Sulfur ion (S^-) has a negative charge. What is the name of its ion?
Anion
Oxygen adds two electrons to form a oxygen ion. What is the symbol for an oxygen ion?
O^2-
Formula for Hydrogen chloride
HCl
Formula Copper oxide
CuO
Lithium oxide
Li^2O
Magnesium chloride
MgCl^2
Sulfate ion
SO4^2-
Carbonate ion
CO3^2-
Hydroxide ion
OH^-
Nitrate ion
NO3^-
Magnesium carbonate
MgCO3
Sodium Sulfate
Na2SO4
Lithium carbonate
Li2CO3
Magnesium Hydroxide
Mg(OH)2
What colour does red litimus paper turn when in contact with an acid?
Red
What colour does red litimus paper turn when in contact with a base?
blue
What colour does blue litimus paper turn when in contact with an acid?
Red
What colour does red litimus paper turn when in contact with a base?
Blue
Any substance above the pH level 7 is concidered…
Bases (alkalines)
Any substance below the pH level 7 is concidered…
Acids
Any substance at the pH level 7 is concidered…
neutral
What colour does the universal indicator turn when in contact with water (neutral)?
green
What colour does the universal indicator turn when in contact with acids?
orange/red/yellow
What colour does the universal indicator turn when in contact with alkaines?
blue/purple
When the universal indicator turns red, this shows that there are more ___ ions than ___ ions
There are more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions.
When the universal indicator turns blue, this shows that there are more ___ ions than ___ ions
There are more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions.
When the universal indicator turns green, this shows that…
there is a equal amount of hydroxide and hydrogen ions.
A swimming pool as a pH level of 8. Do you add water, acids and alkalines to make the soloution neutral?
Acids, because the soloution now is basic (pH level 7-14) and we need acids which has a lower pH level (pH level 0-6) to balance the average pH level out.
A soloution was tested with red litimus paper and the paper stayed red. We can assume that the soloution must be acidic. Is this true?
No, because red litimus paper stays red when in contact with both acids and neutral soloutions. This means that the soloution could be either. You need to test it with blue litimus paper/univeral indicator to determine its components.
Complete the word equation:
hydrochloric acid + magnesium hydroxie —>
magnesium chloride + water
potassium oxide + nitric acid —>
potassium nitrate + water
nitric acid + anything =
anything nitrate + water
hydrochloic acid + anything =
anything chloride + water
sulfuric acid + anything =
anything sulfate+ water
calcium oxide + hydrochloric acid —>
calcium chloride + water
Cleaning/disinfectant are usually of a basic/acidic/neutral level
basic
Describe the properties of a base
- feel soapy and slippery
- conduct electricity when dissolved in water
- taste bitter
Describe the properties of an acid
- conduct electricity
- taste acidic
- react with metal to create hydrogen gas
What group metals are insolouble in water?
Group 1 hydroxides, oxides and cabonates, but the hydroxides, oxides and carbonates of other groups are solouble in water.
