electrical cycle of heart Flashcards

1
Q

where is the bundle of his

A

left & right Branches run down ventricular septum to apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where are purkinje fibres

A

Located throughout ventricular myocardium from apex to base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what controls the rate of prodution of action potentials by the SA node

A

how fast Na+ leaks through funny channels (HCN channels)

If more HCN channels are open, Na+ leaks in faster, reaching the threshold for activating voltagedependent Ca2+ channels more quickly and shortening the distance between action potentials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what a HCN channel

A

Hyperpolarizationactivated cyclic nucleotide–gated (HCN) channels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the steps of electrical conduction in the heart

A
  1. SA node depolarizes
  2. electricl activity goes rapidly to AV node via internodal pathways
  3. depolarization speads slowly across atria. Conduction slows through AV node
  4. depolarization moves rapidly through ventricular conducting system to apex of heart
  5. depolarization wave spreads upward from the apex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

describe phase 0 of ventricular action potential (rapid depolarization)

A

stimulus depolarizes cell membrane to -70mV

At -70mV, Na+ channels are activated and allow inward current, current peaks the membrane potential at +47mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe phase 1 of the ventricular action potential (early repolarization)

A

the increase in potential, results in opening of outward K+ channles and inward Ca+ channels.
repolarization from +47mV to +10mV due to rapid closure of I and activation of outward K+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe stage 2 of the ventricular action potential (action potential plateau)

A

membrane potential remains depolarized near 0mV
plateau phase is maintained by two inward Ca+ channels and four outward k+ currents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe stage 3 of the ventricular action potential (final rapid repolarization)

A

inward currents inactivate
k+ currents dominate and cause rapid repolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

describe stage 4 of the ventricular action potential (resting membrane depolarization and diastolic depolarization)

A

outward K+ channles deactivate
membrane is repolarized to -40mV
inward channles continue to drive membrane potential to -70mV and the voltage dependent Na+ channel which causes phase 0 remians inactive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is an ECG useful for

A

Assessment of orientation of the heart
Localisation of areas that do not
conduct electrical activity normally
Assessment of myocardial
hypertrophy or atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where is the SA node

A

within right atrial wall at junction with superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is the AV node

A

above cardiac septum at junction of atria & ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Draw a graph showing the action potential in the heart

A

slides 3 A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly