eLearnings

Question 1

Microcytic Anemia

Answer 1

Low MCV, iron deficiency

Question 2

Macrocytic Anemia

Answer 2

High MCV, B12 deficiency

Question 3

Increase Sed rate (ESR)

Answer 3

A measure for an ongoing inflammatory process

Question 4

What is present in the blood that causes the ESR to become high

Answer 4

Acute phase proteins

Question 5

What is another component of CBC that can be used as a measure of ongoing inflammation

Answer 5

C reactive proteins

Question 6

Lowering of all blood cells count

Answer 6

Pancytopenia

Question 7

What does epinephrine do to the neutrophil count in the blood

Answer 7

Increases it, increases the circulating neutrophils in the blood stream

Question 8

Define electrophoresis

Answer 8

Method of separating molecules based on their charge and mass

Question 9

Results of SPE (Serum Protein Electrophoresis)

Answer 9

We see a plot of relative densities (on y axis) against the type of proteins (on x axis). There are 5 peaks that are observed. The most dense protein is the albumin protein with the highest peak. Then the peaks are alpha (1,2), beta and gamma which are for globulins.

Question 10

Explain the 4 peaks

Answer 10

Alpha 1 - Serum protease inhibitor, loss of it is associated with emphysema

Alpha 2 - protease inhibitor, increased conc. during acute phase reaction

Beta - Iron binding proteins and also IgA, IgM and some complement proteins. Know why IgA and IgM are in this

Gamma- IgG

Question 11

UPE

Answer 11

Some proteins are small enough to pass in the urine such as light chain and so a Urine Protein Electrophoresis can be done to check for gammopathies

Question 12

Explain spikes that may be observed in SPE

Answer 12

Spikes originating in the gamma globulin region indicates an increase in a certain type of monoclonal antibodies. This can be due to infection or lymphoma

Question 13

Is SPE quantitative or qualitative

Answer 13

It is qualitative, quantitative testing is often required and done along with SPE