Elbow Exam & Eval

Question 1

common MOI for gunstock deformity

Answer 1

supracondylar fracture that healed shorter on medial side

Question 2

what type of elbow fracture is most common in kids?

Answer 2

supracondylar fracture

Question 3

FOOSH will likely result in ___ fx

Answer 3

radial head

Question 4

most common direction for humero-ulnar joint dislocation

Answer 4

posterior or postero-lateral

Question 5

most common associated fracture for elbow dislocation?

Answer 5

radial head

Question 6

MOI for UCL sprain

Answer 6

acute valgus stress to flexed elbow
esp. during acceleration& deceleration phase of throwing

Question 7

hallmark of LCL sprain

Answer 7

mechanical clicking (UCL will NOT)
d/t radial head

Question 8

most common MOI for LCL sprain

Answer 8

combo of axial compression + shoulder ER + valgus force

Question 9

what is the most common recurring type of instability at elbow?

Answer 9

postero-lateral rotary instability (LCL insuffiency)

Question 10

most common tendinopathy in adults (30-50)?

Answer 10

lateral elbow tendinopathy

Question 11

lateral elbow tendinopathy occurs in ___% of OH athletes

Answer 11

50%

Question 12

S&S of lateral elbow tendinopathy

Answer 12

lateral elbow pain
point tender 1 cm lateral to lateral epi
pan w/ passive wrist flex, gripping & resisted ext, & finger ext

Question 13

MOI for distal bicep tendon rupture

Answer 13

resistance again arm w/ elbow in 90 deg flex

Question 14

T/F: distal bicep tendon rupture almost always needs surgery

Answer 14

T

Question 15

2nd most common nerve entrapment

Answer 15

cubital tunnel syndrome

Question 16

cubital tunnel syndrome: motor, sensory, or both

Answer 16

both

Question 17

radial tunnel syndrome: motor, sensory, or both

Answer 17

motor ONLY

Question 18

radial tunnel syndrome: muscles affected?

Answer 18

EI & EPL

Question 19

radial tunnel syndrome nerve involved

Answer 19

deep branch of radial nerve as it passes through heads of supinator (Arcade of Frohse)

Question 20

pronator teres syndrome nerve involved

Answer 20

median

Question 21

how to ddx pronator teres syndrome

Answer 21

resisted pronation (painful & weak)

Question 22

AIN syndrome: motor, sensory, or both

Answer 22

motor - FPL, PQ, FDP (dig 2&3)

Question 23

objective findings for AIN syndrome

Answer 23

FPL, PQ, FDP (dig 2&3) weakness
(+) pinch grip test
OK SIGN DIFFFICULT

Question 24

what is Panner’s Disease?

Answer 24

osteochondrosis of humeral capitulum

Question 25

MOI for Panner's Disease?

Answer 25

repetitive valgus stress --> compressive stress across radio-capitellar joint

Question 26

common age for Panner's Disease? why?

Answer 26

7-10 peak at 9 limited blood supply at capitellum

Question 27

hallmark of Panner's Disease

Answer 27

absence of mechanical symptoms (clicking/locking/catching)

Question 28

MOI for OCD of humeral capitellum

Answer 28

separation from humerus due to valgus stress OR repeated ext & forceful pron

Question 29

common age for OCD of humeral capitellum? why?

Answer 29

12-17 growth plates close ~16

Question 30

OCD of humeral capitellum is most common in

Answer 30

throwers and gymnasts

Question 31

what is seen on x-ray for OCD of humeral capitellum?

Answer 31

crescent-shaped region of sclerotic subchondral bone demarcated from rest of bone by rim of lucency

Question 32

common sx of OCD of humeral capitellum

Answer 32

locking and catching

Question 33

what motion is limited with OCD of humeral capitellum

Answer 33

extension (5-20 deg) (90%)

Question 34

what is Little League elbow?

Answer 34

growth plate related stresses while throwing (damage or widening)

Question 35

how is ROM affected with olecranon bursitis?

Answer 35

full ROM, except extreme flex