Elbow Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

define epicondylitis

A

an injury occurring due to overuse or repetitive movements - often results in tendinopathy

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2
Q

describe lateral epicondylitis

A

a more common form of epicondylitis

  • occurring due to microtears of forearm muscles at insertion point of lateral epicondyle on humerus
  • known as tennis elbow
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3
Q

describe medial epicondylitis

A
  • occurs as a result of microtears of the forearm muscles at insertion point of medial epicondyle of the humerus
  • known as golfers elbow
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4
Q

risk factors of epicondylitis

A
middle age 
PMH of epicondylitis 
history of repetitive activities (esp with poor movement)
new activities requiring elbow movement 
heavy lifting/heavy tools
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5
Q

clinical features of epicondylitis

A

elbow pain on flexion and extension + made worse on repetitive activity
decreased grip strength
tenderness over epicondyle and surrounding area

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6
Q

specifics of medial epicondylitis

A

produces pain on resisted pronation

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7
Q

management of epicondylitis

A

rest and relaxation
guided physiotherapy
advise avoiding heavy activity
simple analgesia

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8
Q

specifics of lateral epicondylitis

A

pain on resisted extension of wrists and digits

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9
Q

common elbow fractures

A

occur to the olecranon process either directly as a result of a fall or indirectly when falling on an outstretched hand

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10
Q

investigations of elbow fracture

A

plain XR of joint

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11
Q

management of non-displaced elbow fractures

A

immobilisation with sling for 4-6wks

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12
Q

management of displaced elbow fractures

A

surgical fixation

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13
Q

common causes of an ulnar nerve injury

A
elbow pathology (fraction or dislocation)
impingement of the wrist (Gunyon's Canal)
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14
Q

clinical features of ulnar nerve injuries

A

weakness of intrinsic hand muscles (Claw Hand)
finger weakness in abduction and adduction
loss of sensation over 5th digit
Froment’s sign +ve
unable to perform a peace sign

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15
Q

define cubital tunnel syndrome

A

a compression of the ulnar nerve as it passes through the cubital tunnel at the elbow

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16
Q

clinical features of cubital tunnel syndrome

A

medial elbow pain +/- forearm pain
sensory disturbance of 4th + 5th digit
disturbance of sensation over hypothenar eminence + ulnar surface of dorsal hand aspect

17
Q

management of cubital tunnel syndrome

A

elbow splint

18
Q

management of cubital tunnel syndrome (upon failure of conservative treatment)

A

surgical decompression