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PT 506 Kinesiology > Elbow Complex Biomechanics > Flashcards

Elbow Complex Biomechanics Flashcards

1
Q

Proximal Radioulnar Joint

A

Head of radius in radial notch of ulna

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2
Q

Distal Radioulnar Joint

A

Head of ulna in ulnar notch of radius; TFC is articular disc

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3
Q

Proximal Elbow complex

A

Hinge joint, uniaxial diarthrodial, 1 DF

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4
Q

Superior and Inferior RU joint

A

Pivot Joint, uniaxial diarthrodial, 1 DF

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5
Q

Elbow joint capsule

A

Large, lose, weak anterior and posterior

Cross contamination of infections possible at 3 joints

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6
Q

MCL

A

Anterior, Posterior, and Oblique bands
Anterior protects valgus best at 20-120 flexion
Oblique helps ulnar nn and anchors ant/post bands

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7
Q

LCL

A

Resists varus and distractive forces

Weaker than medial

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8
Q

Annular Ligament

A

Stabilizes head of radius to ulna

Very strong

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9
Q

Interosseous membrane

A

Fibers in all directions for strength

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10
Q

Humeroulnar joint kinematics

A

Concave on convex

Same glides and rolls

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11
Q

Humeroradial joint kinematics

A

Concave on convex

Same glides and rolls

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12
Q

Proximal Radioulnar joint Kinematics

A

Radial Head longer A-P when supinated
Radial Head longer M-L when pronated
Spins on capitulum in relation to radial groove

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13
Q

Distal Radioulnar joint Kinematics

A

Concave radius on convex ulna
Anterior roll and glide pronation
Posterior roll and glide supination

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14
Q

Axis of motion at elbow

A

Carrying angle
5-15 Degrees
Cubital valgus when >15
Cubital Varus when <5

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15
Q

Carrying angle disappears when…

A

Pronation combines with full elbow extension/flexion

Due to position of the lever

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16
Q

Open Pack position

A

Joint capsule and ligaments have greatest laxity

Greatest amount of accessory mobility present

17
Q

Closed Pack position

A

Joint capsule and ligaments are most taut

Most often position of greatest joint congruency

18
Q

Extension ROM

A 
0 degrees normal
May have 5-10 degrees
Hard end feel
Humeroulnar closed pack
Humeroradial open pack
19
Q

Flexion ROM

A

135-145 AROM
150-160 PROM
Soft/Hard endfeel
Humeroulnar joint closed pack at 70 degrees
Humeroradial joint closed pack at 90 degrees

20
Q

Active Insufficiency

A

Agonist muscles too short or too long to produce effective tension

21
Q

Passive insufficiency

A

Antagonist Muscle is on stretch and is too short to allow further passive ROM

22
Q

Spurt Muscle

A

Mobility muscle
Increased rotary component and angle of pull
Proximal insertion

23
Q

Shunt Muscle

A

Decreased rotary component, decreased angle of pull
Increased compressive force
Distal insertion

24
Q

Biceps

A

Spurt muscle

MA greatest between 80-100

25
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Shunt muscle

MA greatest between 100-110

26
Q

Brachialis

A

Spurt muscle
MA greatest at 100
Work horse muscle

27
Q

Triceps

A

Medial head is work horse

Synergistically w/ biceps during resistive forearm supinatoin

28
Q

Anconeus

A

Initiates elbow extension
Active w/ forced finger flexion and extension
Draws capsule out to prevent impingement

29
Q

Pronation ROM

A

85 degrees

30
Q

Supination ROM

A

90 degrees

31
Q

Proximal RU joint open pack position

A

35 supination, 70 elbow flexion

32
Q

Proximal RU joint closed pack position

A

5 supination, extension

good for stabilization

33
Q

Lateral Epicondylitis

A

Repetitive use, primarily ECRB

Tensile stress leads to microtears

34
Q

Medial Epicondylitis

A

Repetitive use, primarily pronater teres, FCR, FCU

35
Q

Nursemaids elbow

A

Longitudinal traction force

Radial head extracted from annular ligament then pinches it

36
Q

Medial Collateral Ligament Sprain

A

Increased tensile stress leads to increased carrying angle
Increased compression of radial head on capitulum
Avascular necrosis when prolonged

PT 506 Kinesiology (10 decks)

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