Elbow and Wrist

Question 1

elbow flexion

Answer 1

P: Supine with shoulder adducted, forearm supinated, and elbow extended. (Towel under proximal humeral condyles to allow elbow to fully extend)
A: Lateral epicondyle
S: Lateral midline of the humerus in line with the acromion process
M: Lateral midline of the radius in line with the radial styloid process

Question 2

elbow extension

Answer 2

P: Supine with the arm in anatomical position. If necessary, a towel is placed under proximal humeral condyles to allow maximum extension
A: Lateral epicondyle
S: Lateral midline of the humerus in line with the acromion process
M: Lateral midline of the radius in line with the radial styloid process

Question 3

elbow pronation

Answer 3

P: Sitting with the shoulder adducted and elbow flexed at 90 degrees. The forearm and wrist are in neutral. The client’s hand is fully flexed and holding a pencil in a vertical direction.
A: Head of the 3rd metacarpal directed toward the midline of the radius and ulna
S: Parallel to tabletop or perpendicular to floor
M: Parallel to long axis of pencil

Question 4

elbow supination

Answer 4

P: Sitting with the shoulder adducted and elbow flexed at 90 degrees. The forearm and wrist are in neutral. The client’s hand is fully flexed and holding a pencil in a vertical direction.
A: Head of the 3rd metacarpal directed toward the midline of the radius and ulna
S: Parallel to tabletop or perpendicular to floor
M: Parallel to long axis of pencil

Question 5

wrist flexion

Answer 5

P: Sitting with the elbow supported on the surface. The forearm and wrist are in neutral. Fingers must be loosely extended to allow for FROM
A: Dorsal midline of the wrist over the capitate
S: Dorsal midline of the forearm
M: Dorsal midline of the 3rd metacarpal

Question 6

wrist extension

Answer 6

P: Sitting with elbow supported on the surface. The forearm and wrist are in neutral. Fingers must be loosely flexed to allow for FROM
A: Volar midline of the wrist over the capitate
S: Volar midline of the forearm
M: Volar midline of the 3rd metacarpal

Question 7

wrist radial deviation

Answer 7

P: Sitting with the wrist and hand supported in a neutral position. The forearm is supported in pronation so the palm is face down with fingers loosely extended
A: Midline of the dorsal wrist over the capitate
S: Dorsal midline of the forearm
M: Dorsal midline of the 3rd metacarpal

Question 8

wrist ulnar deviation

Answer 8

P: Sitting with the wrist and hand supported in a neutral position. The forearm is supported in pronation so the palm is face down with fingers loosely extended
A: Midline of the dorsal wrist over the capitate
S: Dorsal midline of the forearm
M: Dorsal midline of the 3rd metacarpal