Elbow And Forearm Structures

Question 1

Which two joints form the elbow joint?

Answer 1

Humeroradial joint
Humeroulnar joint
(Radioulnar joint is not part of elbow joint even though it is within joint capsule)

Question 2

Which muscles originate from the medial epicondyle of the humerus?

Answer 2

Flexor-pronators
Pass Fail Pass Fail
- pronator teres
- flexor carpi ulnaris
- palmaris longus
- flexor carpi radialis

Question 3

Which muscle originate from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?

Answer 3

Extensor-supinator muscles

• extensor digitorum
• extensor digiti minimi
• extensor carpi radialis brevis
• extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 4

Which three ligaments strengthen the elbow joint?

Answer 4

Radial collateral ligament
Ulnar collateral ligament
Annular ligament

Question 5

What is the carrying angle of the elbow joint?

Answer 5

5-10 degrees in men

10-15 degrees in women

Question 6

Which are the major extensor muscles of the elbow joint?

Answer 6

Triceps brachii

Anconeus

Question 7

Which muscles allow supination of forearm?

Answer 7

Without resistance - supinator

With resistance - biceps brachii

Question 8

Which muscles allow pronation of the forearm?

Answer 8

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

Question 9

Name the bursae of the elbow joint and describe where they are found.

Answer 9

Olecranon bursa - in subcutaneous connective tissue over olecranon
Subtendinous bursa - between triceps tendon and tip of olecranon

Question 10

What is the purpose of the interosseus membrane?

Answer 10

• Forms a fibrous joint between radius and ulna
• Keeps bones together during pronation and supination
• Prevents upward displacement of radius

Question 11

Describe the borders of the cubital fossa.

Answer 11

Lateral border: brachioradialis
Medial border: pronator teres
Superior border: imaginary line between humeral epicondyles

Question 12

Describe the contents of the cubital fossa.

Answer 12

Really Need Beer To Be At My Nicest (lateral to medial)
Radial nerve
Biceps tendon 
Brachial artery 
Median nerve

Question 13

What is found in the roof of the cubital fossa and what is it’s clinical significance?

Answer 13

Median cubital vein
Runs between basilic vein (medial) and cephalic vein (lateral).
Common site for venepucture, however superfical to brachial artery so need to be careful not to go too deep through bicipital aponeurosis.