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COMP ORTHO > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

Humeroulnar joint type

A

hinge

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2
Q

Humeroulnar joint - open chain vs. closed chain (roll/glide)

A

roll/glide in SAME direction = open chain

roll/glide OPP = closed chain

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3
Q

Humeroulnar joint - closed packed

A

full extension and supination

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4
Q

Humeroradial joint - type

A

Ball and shallow socket

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5
Q

Humeroradial joint - close packed

A

90 flex and supination

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6
Q

Active ROM

A

135-145 with supination

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7
Q

Carrying angle

A

Arm in full ext, lat deviation of ulnar with respect to humerus
Usually 10-15 degrees

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8
Q

Capsule

A

Loose
Humeroulnar
Humeroradial
Proximal radioulnar

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9
Q

Medial collateral ligament - taut in ___, resists ___

A

Taut in ext ant
Taut in flex post
Resists valgus deviation and IR/ER

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10
Q

Lateral collateral ligament - resists ____

A

Resists varus deviation and IR/ER

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11
Q

Annular ligament - resists

A

lateral and distal subluxation of radius

Is very strong

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12
Q

Proximal radioulnar close packed

A

full ext and 5 supination

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13
Q

Distal radioulnar close packed

A

5 supination

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14
Q

Dislocation is typically

A

posterior
humerus moves forward into forced hyperextension
FOOSH

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15
Q

Second degree damage with elbow dislocation

A

Clips coronoid proccess at brachialis attachment
could fracture
would be painful with resisted flex
often associated MCL injury or radial head fracture

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16
Q

Complete elbow disloation

A

Anterior capsule is disrupted
brachialis is torn or significantly stretched
humerus sits in front of coronaoid process

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17
Q

Partial elbow dislocation

A

Perched
Less capsular/ligamentous injury
humerus sits on top of coronoid process

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18
Q

Nursemaids elbow

A

Often in kids
sublux or dislocate radioulnar joint
head of humerus slips out of the ligament

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19
Q

Valgus stress test

A

MCL
Elbow in 20-30 flex and full forearm supination
gap jt at elbow

20
Q

Varus stress test

A

LCL
elbow in 20-30 flex and full supination
gap jt at elbow

21
Q

Hyperextension test

A

pos if 10 degrees of hyperextension

22
Q

Medial collateral ligament reconstruction - elbow dislocation from

A 
forceful valgus stress
repetitive trauma (baseball throwing)
23
Q

Medial collateral ligament reconstruction - graft from

A

Palmaris longus

extensor hallicus longus

24
Q

Radial head fracture - type 1

A

non displaced

25
Q

Radial head fracture - type II

A

displaced, require ORIF, brief immobilzation

26
Q

Radial head fracture - TYpe III

A

Displaced, require ORIF, need stabiliztion of elbow and excision of fragments
full ROM rarely returns

27
Q

Lateral epicondylitis/algia

A

Algia - until have diagnosis of itis

pain at lateral elbow - could be from radial head fracture or entrapment of radal nerve

28
Q

At elbow - where does radial nerve get trapped

A

Between supinator and extensor carpi radialis brevis

29
Q

Lateral epicondylitis is usually from what muscle

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis

30
Q

Lateral epicondylitis - tests

A

Will have pain with resisted wrist extnesion, tendernes at extenors
pos coffe cup sign (grip, ext, rad dev)

31
Q

Mills test

A

Palpate lateral epicondyle while simultaneously pronating pt forearm
flex pt wrist fully with ulnar deviation and extend their elbow
(+) if pain over lateral epicondyle

32
Q

Maudleys test

A

Resist pt extension of middle finger distal to PIP, stressing extensor digitorum
(+) if pain reroduced
(Lateral epicondylitis)

33
Q

Medial epicondylitis

A

Inflammation of wrist felxors

Pain with resisted wrist flex and pronation

34
Q

Medial epicondylitis test

A

Palpate medial epcondyle while supinating pt forearm, extending elbow, and extending wrist fully with radial deviation
(+) if pain reproduced

35
Q

Median nerve compression = where

A

At elbow - pronator teres and interosseous region (flexor pollicis longus)
Carpal tunnel at wrist

36
Q

Median nerve compression - paresthesias where

A

Thumb and 2nd and 3rd fingers

37
Q

Radial nerve compression - where

A

At elbo w- posterior interosseous region (supinaotr, extensor radialis brevis)

38
Q

Radial nerve compression - paresthesias where

A

post aspect fo hand, esp middle finger

39
Q

Ulnar nerve compression - where

A

At cubital tunnel and Guyons tunnel (hook of hamate and pisiform)

40
Q

Ulnar nerve compression - paresthesias

A

Ulnar aspect of hand and ring finger

41
Q

Tinels sign

A

ulnar n - tap at cubital tunnel

42
Q

Wartenbergs sign

A

Ulnar
Passively spread fingers and ask pt to bring fingers together
Pos if unable to adduct 5th finger back to others

43
Q

Elbow flexion test

A

Ulnar n traction in cubital tunnel
Completely flex elboes and hold for 5 min
POs if tingle in ulnar distribution (can also be median though)

44
Q

Pronator teres test

A

Median
Sit with elbow flexed 90
PT try to supinate and exten pt elbow as pt resists (tries to flex elbow and pronate)
Pos if tingle in median nerve distribtuon

45
Q

Pinch grip test

A

Anterior interosseous n (innervated quadratus, FPL, FDP)
Pt tries to pinch tups of thumb and 2nd finger togehter
Pos if unable to touch fingers together - they will bring pads together insterad
If unable to flex IP of 2nd digit suspect median nerve involvement

COMP ORTHO (11 decks)

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