Ankle

Question 1

Malleoli - medial vs. lateral

Answer 1

Lateral goes further distal/posterior than medial

Question 2

Talocrural joint

Answer 2

mortise
tibia to talus
fibula to talus

Question 3

Talocrural joint is most stable in

Answer 3

DF

slack with PF

Question 4

Talocrural joint - coupling

Answer 4

DF, ABD, EV

PF, ADD, INV

Question 5

Talocrural joint - open chain

Answer 5

Talus on tibia

Convex on concave = OPP

Question 6

Subtalar joint ROM

Answer 6

20 DF
50 PF
20 INV
10 EV 
10 ABD
20 ADD

Question 7

Subtalar - pronation is what

Answer 7

Eversion, DF, ABD

Question 8

Subtalar - supination is what

Answer 8

INV, PF, ADD

Question 9

Subtalar - varus foot =

Answer 9

inversion

Question 10

Subtalar - valgus foot =

Answer 10

eversion

Question 11

Subtalar neutral

Answer 11

max conrguency/max contact area
2 to 1 ratio of supination to pronation
0-3 degrees inverted

Question 12

Transverse tarsal (midtarsal) is made of what

Answer 12

talonavicular and calcaneocuboid

Question 13

Transverse tarsal (midtarsal) close packed

Answer 13

Full supination

Question 14

Transverse tarsal (midtarsal) open packed

Answer 14

Mid range

Question 15

Transverse tarsal (midtarsal) - Talonavicular joint is what

Answer 15

Convex head of talus

Concave body of navicular

Question 16

Subtalar joint coupling - when calcaneous is loose

Answer 16

forefoot and hindfoot move in same direction as tibia

If calcaneous is on floor - they move independently

Question 17

1st TMT coupled motion

Answer 17

DF and inv

PF and ev

Question 18

Metatarsophalangeal - forefoot varus is what

Answer 18

Hingfoot in neutral, forefoot lifted medially

Question 19

Metatarsophalangeal - forefoot valgus is what

Answer 19

forefoot lifted on lateral side

Question 20

Pes planus

Answer 20

flat foot, pronated, low arch

Question 21

Pes cavus

Answer 21

high arch, most weight on forefoot or hindfoot

Question 22

Pes rectus

Answer 22

normal arch

Question 23

Pes valgus

Answer 23

ankle leaning medially

Question 24

Pes varus

Answer 24

ankle leaning laterally

Question 25

Ottowa ankle rules

Answer 25

Unable to WB 4 steps

Bony tenderness at post edge or up to 6cm above malleoli

Question 26

Ottowa midfoot rules

Answer 26

Unable to WB 4 steps

Bony tenderness over navicular or base of 5th met

Question 27

Inferior tib/fib
close packed
open packed

Answer 27

Close = DF and ER
Open = PF

Question 28

Talocrural
close packed
open packed

Answer 28

DF and ER

20 degrees PF

Question 29

Talocrural capsular pattern

Answer 29

PF then DF

Question 30

Subtalar
close packed
open packed

Answer 30

eversion

neutral

Question 31

Subtalar - capsular pattern

Answer 31

inversion varus then valgus

Question 32

Midtarsal/tarsal - metatarsal
close packed
open packed

Answer 32

sup

neutral

Question 33

Midtarsal/tarsal - metatarsal capsular pattern

Answer 33

DF, pF, add, IR

Question 34

Metatarsal phalangeal
close
open

Answer 34

Close - full ext

open - slight ext

Question 35

Interphalangeal
close
open

Answer 35

close - full ext

open - slight flex

Question 36

Rearfoot varus

Answer 36

forefoot pronates

may flex MCP or IP joints of 1st toe

Question 37

Rearfoot valgus

Answer 37

Forefoot supinated

foot looks pes planus, tibia will IR

Question 38

Forefoot varus

Answer 38

Forefoot pronates
calcaneus may evert 
tibia will IR
hipp IR
incresaed flex at knee