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Regional Orthopedics > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

70* of flexion and 10* supination is ____ position for what joint?

A

resting position for HU jt

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2
Q

Full extension & supination is closed pack position for what joint?

A

closed pack for HU jt

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3
Q

Full extension & supination is ___ position for the humeroradial joint?

A

resting position

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4
Q

What is closed pack position for the humeroradial AND proximal radioulnar jts?

A

5* supination

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5
Q

What is resting position for the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

35* supination, 70* flexion

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6
Q

What are the expected aROM for the elbow?

A

140-150* flexion
0-10* extension
90* supination
80-90* pronation

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7
Q

What is the expected end feel for flexion, and then extension, of the elbow?

A

flexion: soft tissue approximation
extension: bony end feel

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8
Q

What is expected end feel for supination and pronation of the forearm?

A

supination: firm/capsular
pronation: hard/bony

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9
Q

Excessive cubitus valgus would be greater than… and cubitus varus would measure….

A

30*

-5* medially

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10
Q

Closed pack position for the humeroulnar joint is resting position for the ___ joint.

A

humeroradial

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11
Q

The humeroradial joint and the proximal radioulnar joint have what in common?

A

closed pack position (5* supination)

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12
Q

Intra-articular swelling at the elbow is usually most apparent between the…

A

lateral epicondyle, radial head and olecranon

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13
Q

Medial epicondylitis primarily involves which muscles?

A

pronator teres, FCR

also sometimes PL, FCU, FDS

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14
Q

When does lateral epicondylitis usually show up?

A

24-72 hours - insidiously after an unaccustomed activity

very commonly related to knitting or cashier work

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15
Q

Which muscle is most commonly injured related to lateral epicondylitis?

A

ECRB

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16
Q

What is: usually a spiral fracture of the radial shaft at the RUJ, possibly with ulnar nerve lesion

A

Galeazzi fracture

17
Q

What is: fracture of the ulna with associated dislocation of the radial head, usually d/t a direct blow to the anterior forearm

A

Monteggia fracture

18
Q

Where is the Arcade of Frohse?

A

fibrous band between the two heads of the supinator muscle

19
Q

What causes the monkey/ape hand deformity? What is it?

A

Impingement of median nerve

Wasting of thenar eminence (thumb falls back in line with fingers), inability to abduct or oppose thumb

20
Q

Where is Guyon’s canal? What runs through it?

A

between pisiform and the hook of Hamate

ulnar nerve

21
Q

Claw hand deformity would be a consequence of ____ nerve compression, which commonly occurs either in the ____ or _____.

A

ulnar nerve

cubital tunnel or Guyon’s canal

22
Q

What is the ligament of Struthers?

A

band of connective tissue extending from the humerus to the supracondylar ridge that increases likelihood of median nerve compression

23
Q

Normal carrying angle for men is between __-__, normal carrying angle for women is usually __-__

A

males: 5-10*
females: 10-15*

24
Q

Describe a gunstock deformity

A

Elbow carrying angle becomes -15* (hand is more medial - increased varum)

25
Q

What homecare would you recommend for olecranon bursitis?

A

avoid the area
ice/cold compress
educate on activities that may irritate the bursa

26
Q

What is Nursemaid’s Elbow? What ligament does it challenge?

A

dislocation of the radial head due to a traction injury

the oblique ligament

27
Q

What would you use to differentiate between ligament sprains of the elbow vs. other pathologies?

A

ligament stress tests

28
Q

What is a Galeazzi fracture?

A

fracture of the radial shaft at the radioulnar joint usually d/t FOOSh injury

may also involve ulnar nerve lesion

29
Q

What is a Monteggia fracture? What is the usual MOI?

A

fracture of the ulna with associated anterior dislocation of the radial head and possible wrist injury

direct blow to forearm

30
Q

What are possible sites of entrapment for the radial nerve?

A

supinator

Arcade of Frohse (supinator arch)

31
Q

What sites can the median nerve become entrapped?

A

pronator teres syndrome

ligament of Struthers (in 1% of population, increasing risk of median nerve impingement)

32
Q

With traction injuries, ensure you consider ____. With FOOSH injuries, ensure you consider _____.

A

traction: ligaments!
FOOSH: olecranon, trochlea/trochlear notch, radial head/capitulum

33
Q

What is Little Leaguers’ Elbow?

What is usually affected?

A

Repetitive strain injury to medial epicondyle (m/c in children)

If a ‘pop’ felt in throw: ulnar collateral ligament
Pop & weakness in elbow: distal biceps strain/rupture

34
Q

What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa?

A

pronator teres
brachioradialis
an imaginary line crossing between both epicondyles

35
Q

Where is the dermatome for C7?

A

middle finger

Regional Orthopedics (6 decks)

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