Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exercise Physiology > EKG (exam 3) > Flashcards

EKG (exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

positive towards a positive

A

upward deflection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

positive towards a negative

A

downward deflection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when is the wave the biggest

A

when it’s traveling parallel to the lead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where is lead one?

A

L UE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which lead is always the ground lead

A

R leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how do the signals travel?

A

lead 1: LA + and RA- (pos. deflection)
lead 2: LL + and RA- (big pos. deflection)
lead 3: LL + and LA- (pos. deflection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the augmented leads?

A

AVR, AVF, AVL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the precordial leads?

A

V1-V6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where are the precordial leads placed?

A 
v1= R side, 4th int. space
v2=L side, 4th int. space
v3=halfway tween 2 & 3
v4= 5th int. space at midclavicular line
v5=5th int. space at ant. axillary line
v6=5th int. space at midaxillary line
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

R gets bigger going from where to where?

A

V1 towards V6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

S gets bigger going which direction?

A

V6–> V1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why is the T wave positive if it’s repolarizing?

A

bc the heart repolarizes backwards, neg. current towards a neg. electrode= T wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what leads monitor the lateral heart?

A

limb lead 1
AVL
V5
V6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what leads monitor anterior heart?

A

V3,V4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what leads monitor the septal heart?

A

V1,V2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what leads monitor the inferior heart

A

Limb leads 1 and 2

AVf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

each tiny box is how many volts?

A

0.1 mv, so 10 tinies= 1mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

each tiny box is how many seconds?

A

0.04 sec.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

one large box= how many tiny boxes

A

5 tinies in one biggie, so each biggie= 0.2 sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how do u quickly count a regular rate?

A

start, 300, 150, 100, 75, 60, 50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

6 sec method of counting

A

count how many R-R cycles in a 6 sec. strip then mult. by 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the hash marks on a strip are how far apart?

A

3 sec.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How to determine hear deviations?

A

1) find the most isoelectric lead
2) find that lead on the graph
3) what is perpendicular to it?
4) is the perpendicular lead u just found + or - on the EKG
5) Go to where its negative on the graph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

+90 to -30

A

normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

-30 to -90

A

L axis dev.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

-90 to 180

A

extreme/unclear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

180 to +90

A

R axis dev.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Causes of Extreme axis deviation:

A 
H- hyperkalemia
E- emphysema
L-lead transposition
P- pace makers
V- V tach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

causes of L axis deviation

A 
H- hyperkalemia
E- emphysema
L- left ant. hemiblock
P- pacemaker
Q- Q waves of inf. MI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

causes of R axis deviation

A 
R-right- R vent. hypertro.
N-now-norm in kids/ tall thin adults
C- cows- chronic lung disease
A-are- ant. lat MI
L-leaping- left pos. hemiblock
P-playfully- PE
A-above- atrial septal defect
V-vehicles- vent. septal defect
31
Q

how long should a p wave be?

A

no longer than .11 sec, so not more than 3 little boxes

32
Q

how tall should a p wave be?

A

not taller than 3mm and not notched or peaked

33
Q

where is p wave positive?

A

leads 1,2, aVF and V4-6

34
Q

PR interval should be how long?

A

.12-.20 sec (3-5 little boxes, not bigger than one large box)

35
Q

what condition causes a PR interval to be too long

A

first degree AV block

36
Q

when is a PR segment elevated?

A

atrial infarct or pericarditis

37
Q

what does the QRS complex reflect?

A

depolarization of ventricles

38
Q

Q wave should be how long?

A

.04 sec

39
Q

what is a Q wave represent? is it pos. or neg?

A

septal depolarization, its a small neg wave, first downward defelction preceding the R wave

40
Q

Q waves are present where?

A

lead 1, aVL, V5, V6

41
Q

what does it mean if a Q wave i sdeeper than 1/3 of the QRS complex?

A

MI!

42
Q

QRS complex should be how long?

A

.07-.11 sec(bigger than one small box but not bigger than one big box)

43
Q

best leads to look at for QRS complex

A

1 and V1

44
Q

R wave represents what?

A

ventricular depolarization

45
Q

when does an R wave get bigger?

A

bigger and bigger from V1-V6, biggest in V5,V6, if its not may mean MI or injury to ant. L vent.

46
Q

ST segment represents what?

A

vent. cells are in absolute refractory

47
Q

what if an ST segment is elevated?

A

BAD! MI!

48
Q

what if an ST segment is depressed?

A

ischemia

49
Q

T wave

A

repolarization of vents- should have same polarity as Ventricles!

50
Q

quick and dirty axis assessment

A

is limb lead 1 upright? is aVF upright? then its normal

51
Q

normal cardiac cycle lasts how long?

A

apprx. 0.9 sec. at 67 bpm

52
Q

atrial kick?

A

final push to get all blood out, responsible for about 20% of filling volume

53
Q

what happens to the atrial kick as ppl get older?

A

it gets weaker, blood vol. getting to vents= dec.

54
Q

lub sound

A

closing of AV valves “s1” sound

55
Q

dub sound

A

closing of semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary), s2 sound

56
Q

which is the pacemaker cell?

A

SA node

57
Q

what calms down the heart?

A

parasympathetic NS, vagus nerve, through the SA node

58
Q

what speeds the heart up?

A

sympathetic NS, catacholamines

59
Q

what is the body’s ideal Q?

A

5-5.2 L/min @ rest, up to 20 L/min

60
Q

5 main duties of the CV system?

A 
deliver O2
remove CO2 
transport nutrients and hormones
maintenence, fluid balance and pH
prevention- remove LDLs
61
Q

what is a max RER according to ACSM

A

1.09- 1.15 (remember 1 or greater means ur in anaerobic mode)

62
Q

what is a max effort RER according to AHA

A

1.10

63
Q

what is pre-load?

A

amnt of pressure on heart during EDV

64
Q

what is afterload?

A

amnt of resistance the heart feels as it pumps blood into the periphery–> CAD, HTN, pulm HTN = afterload will be greater

65
Q

does Q at submax change with exercise training?

A

no, only at max efforts

66
Q

norm sV

A

100-200 ml/beat

67
Q

does SV change at submax with training?

A

YES!

68
Q

does max and submax HR change with training?

A

submax= yes, decreases with same workload

max HR= no, thats pretty much fixed

69
Q

how long do u give someone’s heart rate to come back down to baseline before you seek medical help

A

10 mins

70
Q

what is VO2 max a measure of?

A

how well ur heart, mm and lungs are working together, do u get enough o2 in, then does ur heart pump well enough to profuse properly and do ur mm use it properly

71
Q

VO2 formula

A

SVxHRx(aVO2 diff)

72
Q

how does VO2 change with training?

A

at submax= decreased

at max= increased

73
Q

how does training change blood volume?

A

increases it, however, plasma inc. more than RBCs do wo the hematocrit actually dec. with training

Exercise Physiology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions