Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SUMEKG > EKG-Afib > Flashcards

EKG-Afib Flashcards

1
Q

What are mainstay definitions of A.Fib?

A

Tachycardia, Irregular rhythm, no obvious p wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the cause of A. Fib w/in the heart?

A
  1. Unorganised electrical impulse from pulmonary vein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What occurs in the wall of atrial that set off RAAS?

A

Dilation-stretch from pressure. L/2 LA contraction weak. Overall CO DEC by 20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mr. Show has palpitations, DOE, fatigue, Presyncope. PMH of OSA and obesity. What may show on his EKG?

A

A. Fib.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is most common presentation w/ A. Fib

A

1/3 Asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who gets A. Fib?

A
  1. OSA 2. Obesity 3. CHF/HTN/Ischmic Heart Dz 4. Valve Dz 5. Caridac post op 6. Hyper thyroid 7. Genetic 8 Dehydration 9 Illness 10 Beinge ETOH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is MC typ of A. Fib w/ 50% of cases. Releive iself w/in 7day often w/in 24 hours

A

Paroxymal AF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

This type of A. Fib DOES NOT resolve on own,but is longer than 7d?

A

Persitent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mr. Show with A. Fib states he has been feeling this way for years, palpitations, DOE, despite TX w/ meds?

A

Permannet AF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

This is major risk with AF. Who get it?

A

Stroke- disablin, fatal, can reoccure. Caused by thrombus in LA appendage 1. CHF 3x 2. Dementia 2x 3. Women 100% death 4.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the primary goals for treatment of A. Fib?

A
  1. Prevent embolic strok w/ ANTICOAGULATION 2. Prevent cardiac damage via HEART RATE CONTROL
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What score help determine who gets Anticoagulation meds for stroke risk?

A 
Score >2 Oral anticoaguants
Congenital HF
HTN
A2-AGe- 2pts*
DM
S2-stroke- 2pts*
Vascular
Age 65-74
Sex Category- Femal 1pt
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is score for benefits of anticoagulants and risk of bleeding?

A 
3+- observe them carefully or too much risk
HTN
Abnormal liver or kidney
Stroke
Bleeding
Labile INR
Elderly >65
Drugs/Etoh
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many points are added if Pt has age >75 or PMH of stroke?

A

2- clinically MAJOR risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Is reversal of Warfarin simple, if INR over 2-3?

A

DEC dosage by 10-15% recheck weekly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which RX are replacing Warfarin and Why?

A

Xa inhibitors -xaban.
IIa-Dabigatran.

NO blood testing food interaction,
LESS DI,
less bleeding

17
Q

What are contraindications to AVOID w/ Xa and IIa?

A
  1. valve replacement
  2. severe mitral stenosis,
  3. Renal Dz
18
Q

Which Xa drug has mortality benefit?

A

apixaban (Eliquis)

19
Q

Which IIa drug is superior for CVA prevention?

A

Dabigatran- GIB high, Dyspepsia

20
Q

What is easy to control for Afib… Rate or Rhythm?

A

Rate
Strict rate <80,
Lenient- <110 child, active, ASX w/ Normal LV systolic

21
Q

How do rate controls work?

A

They dec ventricular rate only

22
Q

What are the rate control RX?

A
  1. Beta blocker- olol,
  2. CCB- Dilitazem Verapiml,
  3. Digoxin- added effect.
  4. Pacemaker-last
23
Q

When do we HAVE to attempt rhythm control?

A
  1. Unstable pt- LOC, INC BP, fever

2. If comorbities destabilize.- CHF, unstable angina

24
Q

When should we consider Rhythm control?

A
  1. SX W/ AF despite good rate control
  2. Poor rate control
  3. Pt tachycardia mediated cardiomyopathy
  4. Active Pt
  5. Small LA-less chance for rate control
25
Q

What is used for rhythm conversion through the esophagus?

A

Electrical Cardioversion w/ TEE-
view LAA
may not last-.70-90% eff.

26
Q

What are the chemical cardioversion?

A

Amiodarone, Procainmide, Solotol- SE.

27
Q

Which cardioversion therapy targets pulmonary veins, BUT is used last resort?

A

Radio-frequency and cryotherapy-tranvenous catheter ablation-
For Pt resistent to Meds,. 70-80% eff.

28
Q

IF a patient in the clinic is DX w/ A.Fib but onset is unknown. What is the next step?

A

Patient must be anti-coagulated for 4wk B4 starting Rhythm Conversion.

IF ONSET IS KNOWN only 48hrs needed

29
Q

What is the ideal agent that has high success for conversion, safe, BUT short term use d/t toxicity of liver, lung?

A

Amiodarone

30
Q

For Rhythm control drugs, which can be added if rate not controlled?

A

Beta and Ca Blockers

31
Q

Which med is both rate and rhythm control?

A

Beta Blockers

32
Q

What is supra-ventricular tachycardia with regular rhythm in atria?

A

A. flutter

33
Q

What are treatment benefits for A. Flutter?

A
  1. Rate control similar to AF
  2. Rhythm control early cardioversion. Drug don’t work
  3. Ablation 97% success

SUMEKG (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions