EKG

Question 1

what is hypoxia

Answer 1

no oxygen

Question 2

what s ischemia

Answer 2

no blood flow

Question 3

what does too much K do

Answer 3

stops the heart, causes high T wave first

Question 4

normal K

Answer 4

3.5 to 5

Question 5

normal Ca

Answer 5

8.6 to 10.3

Question 6

normal Mg

Answer 6

1.5 to 2.5

Question 7

normal Na

Answer 7

136 to 145

Question 8

normal Cl

Answer 8

98 to 106

Question 9

size of small sq and big sq

Answer 9

0.04 sec and 0.20 sec

Question 10

bpm of normal sinus rhythm

Answer 10

60-100 bpm

Question 11

describe sinus bradycardia

Answer 11

• <60 bpm
• avoid suctioning d/t gag
• treatment: pacemaker and atropine

Question 12

describe first degree heart block

Answer 12

• PR is prolonged
• rate is <60
• treatment is atropine

Question 13

describe wekenbach

Answer 13

• second degree HB
• PR gets longer longer longer then drops a beat
• treatment: pacemaker or atropine

Question 14

describe mobitz type two

Answer 14

• second degree HB
• beat drops every other
• poor perfusion

Question 15

describe third degree HB

Answer 15

• AV dissociation
• P wave is independent from QRS
• treatment is pacemaker

Question 16

describe PACs

Answer 16

do NOT treat

irregular beat d/t sympathetic stimulation

Question 17

cardiac conduction

Answer 17

1) sa node (initiates rate)
2) av node
3) bundles of His
4) purkinjie fibers

Question 18

describe dubins method

Answer 18

300, 150, 100, 75, 60, 50, 43, 38, 33, 30

Question 19

_______ of chambers provokes their contraction

Answer 19

depolarization

Question 20

this is the resting between beats

straight line on paper

Answer 20

isoelectric line

Question 21

ability to contract

Answer 21

automaticity

Question 22

describe atrial flutter

Answer 22

saw tooth

atrial rate about 250-350

Question 23

describe atrial fib

Answer 23

• no p waves
• always irregular
• *most common dysrthythmia d/t CHF

Question 24

treatment of atrial fib

Answer 24

• cardizem (CCB)
• digoxin (glycoside)
• amiodarone
• cardioversion
• anticoagulant

Question 25

describe sinus tachy

Answer 25

- rate > 150 | treatment: beta blocker and calcium channel blocker

Question 26

examples of beta blockers

Answer 26

metoprolol or labetolol

Question 27

examples of calcium channel blockers

Answer 27

ditiazen (cardizem)

Question 28

describe atrial tachy

Answer 28

- rate >150 | - p wave is irregular but visible

Question 29

treatment of atrial tachy

Answer 29

- adenosine (adenocard) - diltazem (cardizem - carotid massage - cardioversion

Question 30

describe PVCs

Answer 30

-no p wave preceeding PVC -poor perfusion BAD: frequency, couplets, multiple foci

Question 31

describe SVT

Answer 31

- QRS is narrow - rate is >160 or 200 - cannot determine p wave (not visible) - treatment is adenosine or cardioversion

Question 32

what to do in a code if no pulse

Answer 32

1) compression 2) epi 3) defibrilaltion

Question 33

describe v fib

Answer 33

no contraction no C.O. treatment is defibrillation

Question 34

describe v tach

Answer 34

no p wave rate is about 150 go in and out of it

Question 35

treatment of v tach if no pulse

Answer 35

compression

Question 36

treatment of v tach if pulse

Answer 36

amiodarone

Question 37

list of meds for v tach

Answer 37

``` shock/cardioversion epi vasopressin amiodarone lidocaine mg sulfate ```

Question 38

describe polymorphic

Answer 38

v tach in multiple areas d/t lack of mg give IV mg

Question 39

always check what first

Answer 39

pulse THEN start compressions if NO pulse

Question 40

if pt talks to you while in v tach...

Answer 40

check BP ask about chest pain or SOB **about to code, give O2

Question 41

if HR increases

Answer 41

BP decreases (inverse)