Eicosanoids (Baker)

Question 1

What are eicosanoids?

Answer 1

Molecules, specifically arachadonic acid, synthesized from the breakdown of phospholipids.

Question 2

As a class of molecules, eicosanoids include what?

Answer 2

Prostaglandins, thromboxane, leukotrienes, HETEs

Question 3

The synthesis of thromboxanes and prostaglandins occurs via what pathway?

Answer 3

Cyclooxygenase

Question 4

In the cyclooxygenase pathway, COX converts _______ to _______, which is then rapidly converted to _______.

Answer 4

…arachidonic acid…PGG2…PGH2

Question 5

PGH2 in what kind of cells can be converted to prostacyclin by PGI synthase?

Answer 5

Endothelial

Question 6

What kind of actions does PGI have?

Answer 6

Anti-platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

Question 7

NSAIDS do what to COX?

Answer 7

Inhibit it by reducing inflammation and platelet aggregation

Question 8

They synthesis of leukotrienes, HETEs, and lipoxins occurs in what kind of cells?

Answer 8

Leukocytes

Question 9

They synthesis of leukotrienes, HETEs, and lipoxins occurs via what pathway?

Answer 9

Lipoxygenase

Question 10

What does lipoxygenase do?

Answer 10

Converts arachidonic acid to HPETEs

Question 11

What are HPETEs, and what do they rapidly do?

Answer 11

Very unstable peroxide molecules that rapidly convert to HETEs.

Question 12

Different HETEs an be acted upon by a series of _______ and other ______ to produce ______.

Answer 12

….transferases…enzymes…leukotrienes

Question 13

What can leukotrienes act to induce?

Answer 13

Vascular permeability, T cell proliferation, cytokine upregulation

Question 14

HETEs and HPETEs can be converted to ________ via several ________ reactions.

Answer 14

….lipoxins…reduction….

Question 15

What do lipotoxins induce?

Answer 15

Chemotaxis and superoxide production in leukocytes.