Egypt ancient history

Question 1

location

Answer 1

concentrated along the Nile River

Question 2

divided to

Answer 2

upper egypt, lower egypt

Question 3

upper egypt

Answer 3

south, nomadic lifestyle, hunter-gatherers

Question 4

lower egypt

Answer 4

south, regular floods(fertilizing mud) allowed for harvesting twice a year

Question 5

periodization

Answer 5

early old kingdom, first intermediate, middle kingdom, second intermediate, new kingdom, third intermediate, late period/ptolemaic

Question 6

Early Old Kingdom

Answer 6

LE+UE united into one by Meni(first pharaoh, lived in Memphis), 6 dynasties,
Economy: agriculture in delta, trade
Buildings: Mastabas(tomb), The Giza Pyramids, Great Sphinx

Question 7

First Intermediate

Answer 7

Pepi’s age - death of his heirs, power of local nomarchs, 7th-11th dynasty,
drier climate - lower crop yields - famine = “Dark age”
2 competing power bases in conflict:
Heraclepolis(LE) x Thebes(UE)

Question 8

Pharaoh Pepi 2

Answer 8

6th Dynasty, ruled for 64 years until he was 90

Question 9

nomarch

Answer 9

administrator of a district in Egypt

Question 10

Middle Kingdom

Answer 10

Reunification by Mantuhotep 2
11th-12th dynasty, prosperity
Itjatawy - Royal Palace
Osiris became the most important deity
Sanusret 3 - a warrior king

Question 11

Second Intermediate

Answer 11

the period when Hykros people of West Asia made their appearance in Egypt:
- introduced horses and chariots
- practiced horse burials
- new techniques of bronze-working and pottery
- new breeds of animals and crops
- new musical instruments and foreign loanwords
Harad - storm god

Question 12

New Kingdom

Answer 12

18th-20th dynasty, prosperity
peak of power, the greatest territorial extent
- expending to Nubia, fighting Hittite armies
Ahmose 1 - founder of 18th dynasty
Hatshersut - 2nd female pharaoh
Thutmose 3 - power and wealth
Amenhotep 4 + wife Nefertiti(considered the most beautiful woman)
- changed his name to Akhenaton
- deleted history of gods, wanted Ra to be the only god
- 1st monotheism
Tutankhamum - restored ancient religions
Ramesses 2 - battle of Kadesh, against Hittite king Muwataii 2
- both sides claiming victory - peace treaty in 1285 bc (1st ever)
- promised mutual help, non-invasement, refugee agreement
Ramesses 3 - fighting sea people invading Egypt

Question 13

Ahmose 1

Answer 13

founder of 18th dynasty

Question 14

Hatshersut

Answer 14

2nd female pharaoh

Question 15

thutmose 3

Answer 15

power and wealth

Question 16

Amenhotep

Answer 16

changed his name to Akhenaten, deleted history of gods, 1st monotheism

Question 17

Nefertiti

Answer 17

Akhenaten`s wife, considered the most beautiful woman

Question 18

Tutankhamum

Answer 18

restored ancient religions, curse of the pharaohs

Question 19

Ramesses 2

Answer 19

battle of Kadesh against Hittite king Muwatalii 2, both sides claiming victory, first ever peace treaty, 1285, promised mutual help, non-invasement, refugee agreement

Question 20

Ramesses 3

Answer 20

fought sea people invading Egypt

Question 21

Third Intermediate

Answer 21

bickering among heirs, droughts, famine, corruption, instability
Assyrians invaded Egypt
Saite kings - peace and prosperity
Persian Cambyses became the pharaoh of Egypt

Question 22

Late Period

Answer 22

26th Saite Dynasty, 332 BC Alexander the Great defeated Persian kings, founded Alexandria
- Hellenistic Egypt was led by Macedonians
323 BC - death of Alexander the Great
30 BC - death of Cleopatra and Roman conquest

Question 23

droughts

Answer 23

suchost