egypt 1957-1914 Flashcards
Which Empire was Egypt part of at the start of the 19th century?
Ottoman
Give one reason why Muhammad Ali was significant in 19th century Egypt
he modernised Egypt, brought in European inestors
What years did Ismail Pasha reign?
1863-1879
What title did the Sultan finally acknowledge Ismail as having?
Khadeve
Give two reasons as to why Egypt was important to Britain
trade routes
rivalry with France
many British financiers working in Egypt
What was the position of British foreign policy prior to 1882 in relation to the Ottoman Empire?
they supported the Ottoman empire
- wanted to preserve it to curb potential Russian expansion & preserve European balance of power
When was the Suez Canal built and what nationality was the engineer behind it?
French engineer, 1869
What was the total level of Egyptian debt by the end of Ismail’s rule?
£100 million
Which report led to Anglo-French dual control of Egypt’s economy?
Cave report
Why was Ismail forced out of power?
he fired the minister of finance; Rivers Wilson
What did the joint note of 1882 state?
Britain & France would help the Khedive against any threat or disturbance to the peace
How many Europeans were killed in the 1882 Alexandria riots?
50
At which 1882 battle was Arabi defeated by a Garnet Wolseley-led British army?
Tel-el-Kebir
What was Egypt known as under British rule and why was this phrase used?
veiled protectorate
- still formally under the ottoman empire, but in all practical terms Egypt was ruled by Britain after 1882
What percentage of shares did Britain buy in the Suez Canal and in what year?
41%, in 1875